Answer:
Option (b) is correct.
Explanation:
Elastic collision is defined as a collision where the kinetic energy of the system remains same. Both linear momentum and kinetic energy are conserved in case of an elastic collision.
Inelastic collision is defined as a collision where kinetic energy of the system is not conserved whereas the linear momentum is conserved. This loss of kinetic energy may due to the conversion to thermal energy or sound energy or may be due to the deformation of the materials colliding with each other.
As given in the problem, before the collision, total momentum of the system is 
and the kinetic energy is 
. After the collision, the total momentum of the system is , but the kinetic energy is reduced to 
. So some amount of kinetic energy is lost during the collision.
Therefor the situation describes an inelastic collision (and it could NOT be elastic).
Answer:
The three characteristics of a good scientist are his curiosity, creativity and problem-solving skills.
Explanation:
This is a great problem if you like getting tied up in knots
and making smoke come out of your brain.
I found that it makes the problem a lot easier if I give the objects some
numbers. I'm going to say that the mass of Object 5 is 20 clods.
Let the mass of Mass of Object 5 be 20 clods .
Then . . .
-- The mass of Object 2 is double the mass of Object 5 = 40 clods.
-- The mass of Object 4 is half of the mass of Object 5 = 10 clods.
and
-- the mass of Object 3 is half of the mass of Object 4 = 5 clods.
So now, here are the masses:
Object #1 . . . . . unknown
Object #2 . . . . . 40 clods
Object #3 . . . . . 5 clods
Object #4 . . . . . 10 clods
Object #5 . . . . . 20 clods .
Now let's check out the statements, and see how they stack up:
Choice-A:
Object 3 and Object 5 exert the same gravitational force on Object 1.
Can't be.
Objects #3 and #5 have different masses, so they can't both
exert the same force on the same mass.
Choice-B.
Object 2 and Object 4 exert the same gravitational force on Object 1.
Can't be.
Objects #2 and #4 have different masses, so they can't both
exert the same force on the same mass.
Choice-C.
The gravitational force between Object 1 and Object 2 is greater than
the gravitational force between Object 1 and Object 4.
Yes ! Yay !
Object-2 has more mass than Object-4 has, so it must exert more force on
ANYTHING than Object-4 does, (as long as the distances are the same).
Choice-D.
The gravitational force between Object 1 and Object 3 is greater than the gravitational force between Object 1 and Object 5.
Can't be.
Object-3 has less mass than Object-5 has, so it must exert less force on
ANYTHING than Object-4 does, (as long as the distances are the same).
Conclusion:
If the DISTANCE is the same for all the tests, then Choice-C is
the only one that can be true.
