Explanation:
According to the Bronsted-Lowry conjugate acid-base theory:
- An acid is defined as a substance which looses donates protons and thus forming conjugate base
- A base is defined as a substance which accepts protons and thus forming conjugate acid.
Suppose acid Ha is getting dissociated in its solution and after dissociation it donates its proton to water molecule and forms conjugate base. Where as water (acting as a base) accepts protons and forms conjugate acid.
HA = Acid
= Base
= Conjugate base
= Conjugate acid
For example:
Sulfuric acid dissociating in its solution to form conjugate base and conjugate acid.
Sulfuric acid = Acid
= Base
= Conjugate base
= Conjugate acid
The time taken for the isotope to decay is 46 million years.
We'll begin by calculating the number of half-lives that has elapsed. This can be obtained as follow:
- Original amount (N₀) = 50.25 g
- Amount remaining (N) = 16.75
- Number of half-lives (n) =?
2ⁿ = N₀ / N
2ⁿ = N₀ / N
2ⁿ = 50.25 / 16.75
2ⁿ = 3
Take the log of both side
Log 2ⁿ = 3
nLog 2 = Log 3
Divide both side by log 2
n = Log 3 / Log 2
n = 2
Finally, we shall determine the time.
- Half-life (t½) = 23 million years
- Number of half-lives (n) = 2
t = n × t½
t = 2 × 23
t = 46 million years
Learn more about half-life: brainly.com/question/25927447
To calculate empirical formula, number of moles of different atoms calculated first:
Number of moles of Carbon , n=
=
=
= 0.220 mol
Number of moles H =
=
= 0.440 mol
Number of moles of oxygen =
=
= 0.440 mol
Ratio of carbon
=
= 1
Ratio of hydrogen
=
= 2
Ratio of oxygen
=
= 2
So, the empirical formula is CH₂O₂
Answer:
Changing two or more variables makes it difficult to find a cause and effect relationship.
