The answer is number 4 or the exchange of energy with the surroundings. Calorimetry is a measurement of energy that is formed or absorbed in a certain process. The calorimeter is the instrument used in order to measure the energy. It is recommended that a calorimeter should be a closed system so as to measure precisely the energy and avoid or lessen the exchange of energy with the surroundings. Thus, comparing an open ceramic mug and an insulated mug with a lid, the greatest difference is the energy lost to the surroundings.
Answer:
1.3×10⁻³ M
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, given the dissociation reaction of acetic acid:

We can write the law of mass action for it:
![Ka=\frac{[H_3O^+][CH_3CO_2^-]}{[CH_3CO_2H]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Ka%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5BH_3O%5E%2B%5D%5BCH_3CO_2%5E-%5D%7D%7B%5BCH_3CO_2H%5D%7D)
Of course, excluding the water as heterogeneous substances are not included. Then, in terms of the change
due to the dissociation extent, we are able to rewrite it as shown below:

Thus, via the quadratic equation or solve, we obtain the following solutions:

Obviously, the solution is 0.00133M which match with the hydronium concentration, thus, answer is: 1.3×10⁻³ M in scientific notation.
Regards.