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Liula [17]
3 years ago
12

Electrons are found in energy levels around the nucleus of an atom. Energy levels can also be called ""shells."" The energy leve

ls are designated by a principal quantum number (n). The lowest energy level is designated as n=1 whereas the highest energy level is n=7. Which energy level is the closest to the nucleus?
Chemistry
1 answer:
melamori03 [73]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

<u>The first electronic shell or energy level, having n= 1, called the K shell, is the closest to the nucleus.</u>

Explanation:

In an atom, the sub atomic particles called electrons, revolve around the nucleus of the given atom at different <em>energy levels</em>, called <em>shells</em>.

The energy levels or the electronic shells are denoted by the <em>principal quantum number</em>  <em>(n)</em> and has the following values n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7; <em>from the innermost shell to the outermost.</em>

The electron shells are also labelled by the alphabets, K, L, M, N, O, P, and Q, <em>from the innermost shell to the outermost.</em>

<u><em>Thus the first electronic shell having n= 1, called K shell, is the lowest energy level and is present closest to the nucleus.</em></u>

<u><em>Whereas, the last electronic shell having n =7, called Q shell, is the highest energy level and is farthest from the nucleus.</em></u><u> </u>

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Answer:

 a) 1.866 × 10 ⁻¹⁹ J      b)   3.685 × 10⁻¹⁹ J

Explanation:

the constants involved are

h ( Planck constant) = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ m² kg/s

Me of electron = 9.109 × 10 ⁻³¹ kg

speed of light = 3.0 × 10 ⁸ m/s

a) the Ek ( kinetic energy of the dislodged electron) = 0.5 mu²

Ek = 0.5 × 9.109 × 10⁻³¹ × ( 6.40 × 10⁵ )² = 1.866 × 10 ⁻¹⁹ J

b) Φ ( minimum energy needed to dislodge the electron ) can be calculated by this formula

hv =   Φ + Ek

where Ek = 1.866 × 10 ⁻¹⁹ J

v ( threshold frequency ) = c / λ where c is the speed of light and λ is the wavelength of light = 358.1 nm = 3.581 × 10⁻⁷ m

v = ( 3.0 × 10 ⁸ m/s ) / (3.581 × 10⁻⁷ m ) = 8.378 × 10¹⁴ s⁻¹

hv = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ m² kg/s ×  8.378 × 10¹⁴ s⁻¹ = 5.551 × 10⁻¹⁹ J

5.551 × 10⁻¹⁹ J = 1.866 × 10 ⁻¹⁹ J + Φ

Φ = 5.551 × 10⁻¹⁹ J - 1.866 × 10 ⁻¹⁹ J = 3.685 × 10⁻¹⁹ J

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The pH scale determines how acidic or basic water is. The range is 0 to 14, with 7 representing neutrality. Acidity is indicated by pH values below 7, whereas baseness is shown by pH values above 7. In reality, pH is a measurement of the proportion of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in water.

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