Atoms of which types of elements tend to gain electrons? Atoms of which types of elements tend to lose electrons?

1 answer:

8 0

Atoms of elements that are nonmetals tend to gain electrons and atoms of metallic elements tend to lose electrons. Metals have few electrons in their valence shells. By losing those electrons, these metals achieve noble gas configuration and satisfy the octet rule. Nonmetals that have close to 8 electrons in their valence shells readily accept electrons to achieve noble gas configuration. An example is the reaction between calcium and oxygen. Calcium is a metal and has 2 valence electrons. Oxygen is a nonmetal and has 6 valence electrons. Calcium gives up its two valence electrons and oxygen accepts them and an ionic bond is established resulting in the formation of anew compound namely calcium oxide.

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Where are all metalloid found in this periodic table?

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In the reaction of aluminum hydroxide and caldium nitrate, how many grams of calcium hydroxide will be formed if 12.55 g of alum

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17.76g

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We need to write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction:

2Al(OH)3 + 3Ca(NO3)2 ——> 3Ca(OH)2 + 2Al(NO3)3

In the reaction above, it can be seen that 2 moles of aluminum hydroxide yielded 3 moles of calcium hydroxide. This is the theoretical viewpoint.

Now we need to know what actually happened. We need to calculate the actual number of moles of aluminum hydroxide reacted l. We can get this by dividing the mass by the molar mass.

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The number of moles is thus: 12.55/78 = 0.16 moles

Now if 2 moles of aluminum hydroxide gave 3 moles of calcium hydroxide, 0.16moles will give : (0.16*3)/2 = 0.24moles

Now we can calculate the mass of calcium hydroxide formed. The mass of calcium hydroxide formed is the number of moles multiplied by the molar mass.

The molar mass of calcium hydroxide is; 40 + 2(17) = 74g/mol

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