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Evgesh-ka [11]
3 years ago
9

Atoms of which types of elements tend to gain electrons? Atoms of which types of elements tend to lose electrons?

Chemistry
1 answer:
ollegr [7]3 years ago
8 0
Atoms of elements that are nonmetals tend to gain electrons and atoms of metallic elements tend to lose electrons. Metals have few electrons in their valence shells. By losing those electrons, these metals achieve noble gas configuration and satisfy the octet rule. Nonmetals that have close to 8 electrons in their valence shells readily accept electrons to achieve noble gas configuration. An example is the reaction between calcium and oxygen. Calcium is a metal and has 2 valence electrons. Oxygen is a nonmetal and has 6 valence electrons. Calcium gives up its two valence electrons and oxygen accepts them and an ionic bond is established resulting in the formation of anew compound namely calcium oxide.
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Given the following thermodynamic data, calculate the lattice energy of LiCl:
tiny-mole [99]

Answer:

\boxed{\text{-862 kJ/mol}}

Explanation:

One way to calculate the lattice energy is to use Hess's Law.

The lattice energy U is the energy released when the gaseous ions combine to form a solid ionic crystal:

Li⁺(g) + Cl⁻(g) ⟶ LiCl(s); U = ?

We must generate this reaction rom the equations given.

(1)  Li(s) + ½Cl₂ (g) ⟶ LiCl(s);      ΔHf°     = -409 kJ·mol⁻¹

(2) Li(s) ⟶ Li(g);                          ΔHsub =    161 kJ·mol⁻¹

(3) Cl₂(g) ⟶ 2Cl(g)                     BE        =   243 kJ·mol⁻¹

(4) Li(g) ⟶Li⁺(g) +e⁻                   IE₁         =   520 kJ·mol⁻¹

(5) Cl(g) + e⁻ ⟶ Cl⁻(g)                EA₁       =  -349 kJ·mol⁻¹

Now, we put these equations together to get the lattice energy.

                                                <u>E/kJ </u> 

(5) Li⁺(g) +e⁻ ⟶ Li(g)                520

(6) Li(g) ⟶ Li(s)                         -161

(7) Li(s) + ½Cl₂(g) ⟶ LiCl(s)     -409

(8) Cl(g) ⟶ ½Cl₂(g)                   -121.5

(9) Cl⁻(g) ⟶ Cl(g) + e⁻               <u>+349</u>

      Li⁺(g) +  Cl⁻(g) ⟶ LiCl(s)     -862

The lattice energy of LiCl is \boxed{\textbf{-862 kJ/mol}}.

3 0
2 years ago
Please assist me with chemistry assessment
Lera25 [3.4K]

Answer:

I don't know

Explanation:

7 0
1 year ago
What was the oxygen crisis
salantis [7]
The Great Oxidation Event (GOE), sometimes also called the Great Oxygenation Event, Oxygen Catastrophe, Oxygen Crisis, Oxygen Holocaust,[2] or Oxygen Revolution, was a time period when the Earth's atmosphere and the shallow ocean first experienced a rise in oxygen, approximately 2.4 billion years ago (2.4 Ga) to 2.1–2.0 Ga during the Paleoproterozoic era.[3] Geological, isotopic, and chemical evidence suggests that biologically produced molecular oxygen (dioxygen, O2) started to accumulate in Earth's atmosphere and changed Earth's atmosphere from a weakly reducing atmosphere to an oxidizing atmosphere,[4] causing many existing species on Earth to die out.[5] The cyanobacteria producing the oxygen caused the event which enabled the subsequent development of multicellular forms.
8 0
3 years ago
What do the following organic chemicals have in common glyphosphate, lindane, 2,4-d, chlordane
otez555 [7]

Glyphosphate, lindane, 2,4-d, chlordane are organic compound that have chlorine in common.

<h3>What is Organic compound?</h3>

Organic compound are group of chemical substance that have carbon and hydrogen atoms in which the bonds are covalently linked together.

Therefore, Glyphosphate, lindane, 2,4-d, chlordane are organic compound that have chlorine in common and these chemicals are use as herbicides that is kill weeds, or to kill insects or pests because of chlorine present in it.

Learn more about organic compounds here.

brainly.com/question/14102593

5 0
2 years ago
Volume and moles are __________ related. This relationship can be calculated by using ___________ Law.
Kryger [21]

Answer:

The correct answer is - directly; Avogadro’s.

Explanation:

At the same temperature and pressure, gases of the same or equal volume have the same number of molecules. The relation between the moles of the gases and the volume of the gases are indirectly proportional to one another at the same temperature and pressure. This law is called Avogadro's law. In the case of an ideal gas of a particular mass has the volume and moles are directly proportional.

Thus, the correct answer is - directly; Avogadro’s.

6 0
3 years ago
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