Functional groups create active sites in molecules. The polar part of a molecule that can hydrogen bond to water is said be hydr
ophilic. Pi (π) bonds create active sites and will react with electron-deficient species. A electronegative heteroatom like nitrogen, oxygen, or a halogen makes a carbon atom ____________ . The nonpolar part of a molecule that is not attracted to water is said to be hydrophobic.
Fluorine, Nitrogen and Oxygen are strong electronegative atoms and by definition, Electronegativity is the amount of pull or the high affinity of an atom to electrons.
Polar bond occurs when there is a high difference between the electronegativity value of both atoms that take part in the bond.
A polar molecule has a net dipole from the distribution of its positive and negayive charges. Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic (in chemistry, Polar) are terms dependent on the overall distribution of charge in its molecule.
Therefore, bonds between C-N, C-O and C-Cl are polar covalent bonds a d this is because of the jigh electronegativity possessed by Nitrogen, Oxygen and Chlorine.
