As the centripetal force<span> acts upon an </span>object moving <span>in a </span>circle<span> at constant speed, the </span>force<span> always acts inward as the velocity of the </span>object<span> is directed tangent to the </span>circle. ... In fact, whenever the unbalanced centripetal force<span> acts perpendicular to the direction of </span>motion<span>, the speed of the </span>object will<span> remain constant.</span>
If a theory is studied in let's say the 17th century, the theory has had many years to be studied and explained by many different people many different ways.
The answer is 2.49 x 10^5 KJ. This was obtained (1) use the formula for specific heat to achieve Q or heat then (2) get the energy to melt the copper lastly (3) Subtract both work and the total energy required to completely melt the copper bar is achieved.