calcium and strontium are close to one another on thw oeriodic table. what do you know about their ionization energies ,their el
ectron configurations and their charasteristics based on their position in the periodic table?
1 answer:
Both Ca and Sr are in Group 2 of the Periodic Table, with Sr below Ca (see image)..
<em>Ionization energies </em>
They are both metals, so they have relatively <em>low ionization energies</em>.
Sr is below Ca in the Group, so Sr has the lower ionization energy.
<em>Electron configurations </em>
Their electron configurations both end in <em>ns²</em>.
For example, the electron configuration of Ca is [Kr]<em>4s²</em> and that of Sr is [Kr]<em>5s²</em>.
<em>Physical chsrscteristics: </em>
- metallic lustre
- malleable
- ductile
- good conductors of heat and electricity
<em>Chemical characteristics</em>
Both metals react with
• <em>Hydrogen</em> to form hydrides: M + H₂ ⟶ MH₂
• <em>Oxygen</em> to form oxides: 2M + O₂ ⟶ 2MO
• <em>Nitrogen</em> to form nitrides: 3M + N₂ ⟶ M₃N₂
• <em>Halogens</em> to form halides: M + X₂ ⟶ MX₂
• <em>Water</em> to displace hydrogen: M + 2H₂O ⟶ M(OH)₂ + H₂
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<h3>Further explanation</h3>The development of atomic theory starts from the first term conveyed by Greek scientists who suggested that every substance has the smallest particles so that the word atomos appears, which means it cannot be divided. So, John Dalton, a British scientist put forward the hypothesis about atoms, among others:
- 1. The elements are composed of atoms which are small particles which cannot be subdivided
- 2. Atoms that make up the same element have the same properties, mass, and size, while for different elements, the properties are also different
- 3. Compounds are composed of two or more atoms in a fixed ratio
- 4. In chemical reactions, atoms after and before a reaction cannot be destroyed, only separation and reassembly occur
Point 3 shows the relationship with The Law of Constant Composition of Proust so that further research on atoms is more developed
Dalton's hypothesis is described as a solid sphere like a very small shot put ball or a bowling ball based on Dalton's hobby in bowling
<h3>Learn more</h3>Bohr's model of the atom
Rutherford performed the gold foil experiment
The part of an atom that is mostly empty space
Keywords: atom, Dalton, a solid sphere, The Law of Constant Composition
