Answer:
In atomic physics, the Bohr model or Rutherford–Bohr model, presented by Niels Bohr and Ernest Rutherford in 1913, is a system consisting of a small, dense nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons—similar to the structure of the Solar System, but with attraction provided by electrostatic forces in place of gravity.
Study your experiment setup.<span> In 30 minutes, how will the air temperature in the bottles compare?</span><span> What do you predict will happen to the ice in each bottle?</span>
Answer:
The correct answers are: <u>Each oxygen of carbonate ion has -2/3 or -0.67 charge.</u>
<u>Bond order of each carbon‑oxygen bond in the carbonate ion</u> = <u>1.33</u>
Explanation:
The carbonate ion (CO₃²⁻) is an organic compound, in which a carbon atom is covalently bonded to three oxygen atoms. The net formal charge on a carbonate ion is −2.
The carbonate ion is <u>resonance stabilized</u> and has three equivalent resonating structures, which exhibits that all the three carbon-oxygen bonds in a carbonate ion are equivalent.
In the resonance hybrid of carbonate ion,<u> the negative charge is equally delocalized on all the three oxygen atoms. </u>
<u>Thus, each bonded oxygen has -2/3 or -0.67 charge.</u>
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In a carbonate ion there is one double bond oxygen (C=O) and two single bonded oxygen (C-O). Bond order of 1 C=O is 2 and bond order of C-O is 1.
∴ <u>Bond order</u> = sum of all bond orders ÷ number of bonding groups = (2+1+1) ÷ 3 = <u>1.33</u>
