Converting a liquid to a gas is evaporation.
If it goes from a volume of x, then when the volume is doubled it will go to a volume of 2x. If you meant what happens to the pressure, then the pressure halves as volume doubles due to Boyle's law.
The answer should be 2) electrons.
The elements in the periodic table are arranged by increasing atomic number, which is also the number of protons in an element. For example, Carbon has 6 protons, it is the sixth element on the table. While Nitrogen, which has 7 protons, is after Carbon.
In atoms, the number of protons equals to the number of electrons too, if the number of electrons does not equal to the number of protons, the substance is no longer atom, but ion. So, the answer to this is 2) electrons, as the elements on the table is arranged according to increasing atomic numbers.
The rate of effusion of ammonia (NH₃) in the same apparatus is 63.3 cm/min
<h3>Graham's law of diffusion </h3>
This states that the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass i.e
R ∝ 1/ √M
R₁/R₂ = √(M₂/M₁)
<h3>How to determine the rate of ammonia (NH₃) </h3>
- Rate of HCl (R₁) = 43.2 cm/min
- Molar mass of HCl (M₁) = 1 + 35.5 = 36.5 g/mol
- Molar mass of NH₃ (M₂) = 14 + (3×1) = 17 g/mol
R₁/R₂ = √(M₂/M₁)
43.2 / R₂ = √(17 / 36.5)
Cross multiply
43.2 = R₂ × √(17 / 36.5)
Divide both side by √(17 / 36.5)
R₂ = 43.2 / √(17 / 36.5)
R₂ = 63.3 cm/min
Thus, the rate of effusion of ammonia is 63.3 cm/min
Learn more about Graham's law of diffusion:
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