Answer:
<em>the mass of one helium nucleus should be</em> <em>less than the mass of four hydrogen nuclei.</em>
Explanation:
Deep inside the core of the Sun, enough protons can collide into each other with enough speed that they stick together to form a helium nucleus and generate a tremendous amount of energy at the same time. This process is called nuclear fusion.
The mass-to-energy conversion is described by Einstein's famous equation:
E = mc2, or, in words, energy equals mass times the square of the velocity of light. Because the velocity of light is a very large number, this equation says that lots of energy can be gained from using up a modest amount of mass.
Photons In the proton-proton chain reaction, hydrogen nuclei are converted to helium nuclei through a number of intermediates. The reactions produce high-energy photons (gamma rays) that move through the "radiative layer" surrounding the core. This layer takes up 60 percent of the radius of the Sun. It takes a million years for energy to get through this layer into the "convective layer", because the photons are constantly intercepted, absorbed and re-emitted. In the core, the helium nuclei make up 62% of the mass (the rest is still hydrogen). The radiative and convective layers have about 72% hydrogen, 26% helium, and 2% heavier elements (by mass). The energy produced by fusion is then transported to the solar surface and emitted as light or ejected as high-energy particles.
The speed of sound is greater in ice (4000 m/s), then in water (1500 m/s), then in air (340 m/s). The explanation for this is the differente state of the matter in the three cases.
In fact, sound waves travel faster in solids (like ice), then in liquids (like water), then in gases (like air). This is because the speed of the sound wave depends on the density of the medium: the greater the density, the faster the sound wave. This can be easily understood by thinking at how a sound wave propagates: a sound wave is a vibration of molecules, which is transmitted throughout the medium by collision of the molecules. Therefore, the smaller the spacing between the molecules (such as in solids), the more efficient is the propagation, and so the sound wave is faster. On the contrary, there is a large spacing between molecules in gases (such as in the air), so there are less collisions between the molecules and so the wave is not transmitted efficiently, and so it has less velocity.
The cochlea detects sound and is tonotopically organized
The cochlea is the auditory sense organ within the inner ear that is responsible for hearing. The cochlea is a coiled, fluid-filled tube that is split into three chambers by two membranes, Reissner's membrane and the basilar membrane
Answer:
The light rays falling on a rough surface does follow the laws of reflection. The light rays are incident parallel on the rough surface but due to uneven surface the light rays are not reflected parallel rather they are reflected in different direction. Hence, no image is formed.
Answer:
The magnetic field is 1.16 T.
Explanation:
speed, v = 10% of speed of light = 3 x 10^7 m/s
diameter, d = 54 cm
radius, r = 0.27 m
charge, q = 1.6 x 10^-19 C
mass, m = 1.67 x 10^-27 kg
Let the magnetic field is B.
The centripetal force is balanced by the magnetic force.
