Answer:
b) total energy input equals total energy output
Explanation:
The first law of thermodynamics is a generalization of the conservation of energy in thermal processes. It is based on Joule's conclusion that heat and energy are equivalent. But to get there you have to get around some traps along the way.
From Joule's conclusion we might be tempted to call heat "internal" energy associated with temperature. We could then add heat to the potential and kinetic energies of a system, and call this sum the total energy, which is what it would conserve. In fact, this solution works well for a wide variety of phenomena, including Joule's experiments. Problems arise with the idea of heat "content" of a system. For example, when a solid is heated to its melting point, an additional "heat input" causes the melting but without increasing the temperature. With this simple experiment we see that simply considering the thermal energy measured only by a temperature increase as part of the total energy of a system will not give a complete general law.
Instead of "heat," we can use the concept of internal energy, that is, an energy in the system that can take forms not directly related to temperature. We can then use the word "heat" to refer only to a transfer of energy between a system and its environment. Similarly, the term work will not be used to describe something contained in the system, but describes a transfer of energy from one system to another. Heat and work are, therefore, two ways in which energy is transferred, not energies.
In an isolated system, that is, a system that does not exchange matter or energy with its surroundings, the total energy must remain constant. If the system exchanges energy with its environment but not matter (what is called a closed system), it can do so only in two ways: a transfer of energy either in the form of work done on or by the system, either in the form of heat to or from the system. In the event that there is energy transfer, the change in the energy of the system must be equal to the net energy gained or lost by the environment.
Answer:
the total cross-sectional area of the capillaries is greater than the total cross-sectional area of the arteries or any other part of the circulatory system.
Explanation:
Blood velocity is not the same in all areas. In the capillaries it is where there is less speed, while in arteries and veins it is quite similar. This is due to the cross-sectional area of each of the vessels. It is a mistake to think of a vein, artery or capillary individually. We have to put them all together to see that the total area of the capillaries is 100 times larger than that of the arteries or veins. Blood flowing through arteries or veins is going faster because there is less area.
Blood velocity is inversely proportional to each of the areas of its territories. The greater the area, the lower the speed.
It goes from Kinetic when it is at rest to potential on its way to the bottom. There is also friction but very few people care about that.
Answer:
ummmmm mmmmm butterflies :)
Explanation:
Psychology is a science because it follows the empirical method
