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mina [271]
3 years ago
13

Consider a CMOS inverter which has ideal transistors with the following characteristics: PMOS transistor: W/L = 2; Mobility (up)

= 72cm/V*s; threshold voltage = -0.4V nMOS transistor: W/L = 1; Mobility(un)= 180cmP/V*s; threshold voltage = 0.4V 180nm process; gate oxide capacitance/unit area = 8.6e-7 F/cm²; Vpp = 1.8V a) Calculate the B for each transistor, including the unites (3 points) b) What modes of operation is each transistor in when Vin=OV, 0.9V, and 1.8V? (3 points) c) Estimate the current through the inverter if Vin=0.9V. List any assumptions you make. (8 points) d) Would you expect the current to be higher or lower if the inverter was implemented in a 130nm process? Explain your answer. (6 points)
Engineering
1 answer:
yaroslaw [1]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

The transistor will be in amplifier mode and we will expect current will be higher than expected.

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Two mass streams of the same ideal gas are mixed in a steady-flow chamber while receiving energy by heat transfer from the surro
loris [4]

Answer:

(a)The final temperature of mixture is T₃ =m₁T₁/m₃+ m₂T₂/m₃ + Qin/m₃Cp

(b) The final volume is V₃ =V₁ + V₂ + RQin/P₃Cp

(c) The volume flow rate at exit is V₃ =V₁ + V₂

Explanation:

Solution

Now

The system comprises of two inlets and on exit.

Mass flow rate enthalpy of fluid from inlet -1 be m₁ and h₁

Mass flow rate enthalpy of fluid from inlet -2 be m₂ and h₂

Mass flow rate enthalpy of fluid from  exit be m₃ and h₃

Mixing chambers do not include any kind of work (w = 0)

So, both  the kinetic and potential energies of the fluid streams are usually negligible (ke =0, pe =0)

(a) Applying the mass balance of mixing chamber, min = mout

Applying the energy balance of mixing chamber,

Ein = Eout

min hin =mout hout

miCpT₁ + m₂CpT₂ +Qin =m₃CpT₃

T₃ = miCpT₁/m₃CpT₃ + m₂CpT₂/m₃CpT₃ + Qin/m₃CpT₃ +

T₃ =m₁T₁/m₃+ m₂T/m₃ + Qin/m₃Cp

The final temperature of mixture is T₃ =m₁T₁/m₃+ m₂T₂/m₃ + Qin/m₃Cp

(b) From the ideal gas equation,

v =RT/PT

v₃ = RT₃/P₃

The volume flow rate at the exit, V₃ =m₃v₃

V₃ = m₃ RT₃/P₃

Substituting the value of T₃, we have

V₃=m₃ R/P₃ (=m₁T₁/m₃+ m₂T₂/m₃ + Qin/m₃Cp)

V₃ =  R/P₃ (m₁T₁+ m₂T₂ + Qin/Cp)

Now

The mixing process occurs at constant pressure P₃=P₂=P₁.

Hence V₃ becomes:

V₃=m₁RT₁/P₁ +m₂RT₂/P₂ + RQin/P₃Cp

V₃ =V₁ + V₂ + RQin/P₃Cp

Therefore, the final volume is V₃ =V₁ + V₂ + RQin/P₃Cp

(c) Now for an adiabatic mixing, Qin =0

Hence V₃ becomes:

V₃ =V₁ + V₂ + r * 0/P₃Cp

V₃ =V₁ + V₂ + 0

V₃ =V₁ + V₂

Therefore the volume flow rate at exit is V₃ =V₁ + V₂

8 0
3 years ago
Yasir is trying to build an energy-efficient wall and deciding what materials to use. How can he calculate the thermal resistanc
777dan777 [17]

Answer:

Add the thermal R values of each wall layer.

Explanation:

Fiberglass insulation R value, sheetrock, sheathing, siding etc.  All sum together to one composite opposition to heat transfer/loss.

Q= U x A x Delta T

Q= heat transfer btuh

U= 1/R inverse of resistance

A= area of surface

Delta T is temerature difference across the wall.

8 0
3 years ago
A geothermal heat pump absorbs 15 KJ/s of heat from the Earth 15 m below a house. This heat pump uses a 7.45 kJ/s compressor.
Oxana [17]

Answer:

COP of heat pump=3.013

COP of cycle=1.124

Explanation

W = Q2 - Q1 ----- equation 1

W = work done

Q2 = final energy

Q1 = initial energy

A) calculate the COP of the heat pump

COP =Q2/W

from equation 1

Q2 = Q1 + W = 15 + 7.45 = 22.45 KW

therefore COP =22.45/7.45  = 3.013

B) COP when cycle is reversed

COP = Q1/W

from equation 1

Q1 + W = Q2 ------ equation 2

Q2 = 15 Btu/s = 15 * 1.055 = 15.825 KW therefore from equation 2

Q1 = 8.375 KW

COP =8.375/7.45   = 1.124

6 0
3 years ago
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Rosalind franklin<br> What was she famous for
liq [111]

Answer:

She was known for her work on X-ray diffraction images of DNA, which led to the discovery of the DNA double helix for which Francis Crick, James Watson, and Maurice Wilkins shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1962.

Explanation:

5 0
3 years ago
Can someone help me plz!!! It’s 25 points
lora16 [44]
Where’s the question at ???
3 0
3 years ago
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