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zhuklara [117]
3 years ago
10

Physics B 2020 Unit 3 Test

Physics
1 answer:
weqwewe [10]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

1)

When a charge is in motion in a magnetic field, the charge experiences a force of magnitude

F=qvB sin \theta

where here:

For the proton in this problem:

q=1.602\cdot 10^{-19}C is the charge of the proton

v = 300 m/s is the speed of the proton

B = 19 T is the magnetic field

\theta=65^{\circ} is the angle between the directions of v and B

So the force is

F=(1.602\cdot 10^{-19})(300)(19)(sin 65^{\circ})=8.28\cdot 10^{-16} N

2)

The magnetic field produced by a bar magnet has field lines going from the North pole towards the South Pole.

The density of the field lines at any point tells how strong is the magnetic field at that point.

If we observe the field lines around a magnet, we observe that:

- The density of field lines is higher near the Poles

- The density of field lines is lower far from the Poles

Therefore, this means that the magnetic field of a magnet is stronger near the North and South Pole.

3)

The right hand rule gives the direction of the  force experienced by a charged particle moving in a magnetic field.

It can be applied as follows:

- Direction of index finger = direction of motion of the charge

- Direction of middle finger = direction of magnetic field

- Direction of thumb = direction of the force (for a negative charge, the direction must be reversed)

In this problem:

- Direction of motion = to the right (index finger)

- Direction of field = downward (middle finger)

- Direction of force = into the screen (thumb)

4)

The radius of a particle moving in a magnetic field is given by:

r=\frac{mv}{qB}

where here we have:

m=6.64\cdot 10^{-22} kg is the mass of the alpha particle

v=2155 m/s is the speed of the alpha particle

q=2\cdot 1.602\cdot 10^{-19}=3.204\cdot 10^{-19}C is the charge of the alpha particle

B = 12.2 T is the strength of the magnetic field

Substituting, we find:

r=\frac{(6.64\cdot 10^{-22})(2155)}{(3.204\cdot 10^{-19})(12.2)}=0.366 m

5)

The cyclotron frequency of a charged particle in circular motion in a magnetic field is:

f=\frac{qB}{2\pi m}

where here:

q=1.602\cdot 10^{-19}C is the charge of the electron

B = 0.0045 T is the strength of the magnetic field

m=9.31\cdot 10^{-31} kg is the mass of the electron

Substituting, we find:

f=\frac{(1.602\cdot 10^{-19})(0.0045)}{2\pi (9.31\cdot 10^{-31})}=1.23\cdot 10^8 Hz

6)

When a charged particle moves in a magnetic field, its path has a helical shape, because it is the composition of two motions:

1- A uniform motion in a certain direction

2- A circular motion in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field

The second motion is due to the presence of the magnetic force. However, we know that the direction of the magnetic force depends on the sign of the charge: when the sign of the charge is changed, the direction of the force is reversed.

Therefore in this case, when the particle gains the opposite charge, the circular motion 2) changes sign, so the path will remains helical, but it reverses direction.

7)

The electromotive force induced in a conducting loop due to electromagnetic induction is given by Faraday-Newmann-Lenz:

\epsilon=-\frac{N\Delta \Phi}{\Delta t}

where

N is the number of turns in the loop

\Delta \Phi is the change in magnetic flux through the loop

\Delta t is the time elapsed

From the formula, we see that the emf is induced in the loop (and so, a current is also induced) only if \Delta \Phi \neq 0, which means only if there is a change in magnetic flux through the loop: this occurs if the magnetic field is changing, or if the area of the loop is changing, or if the angle between the loop and the field is changing.

8)

The flux is calculated as

\Phi = BA sin \theta

where

B = 5.5 T is the strength of the magnetic field

A is the area of the coil

\theta=18^{\circ} is the angle between the  direction of the field and the plane of the loop

Here the loop is rectangular with lenght 15 cm and width 8 cm, so the area is

A=(0.15 m)(0.08 m)=0.012 m^2

So the flux is

\Phi = (5.5)(0.012)(sin 18^{\circ})=0.021 Wb

See the last 7 answers in the attached document.

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1) 4 forces

2) 165 N

3) 225 N

Explanation:

1)

There are in total 4 forces acting on the bicylist:

- The gravitational force on the byciclist, acting vertically downward, of magnitude mg, where m is the mass of the bicyclist and g is the acceleration due to gravity

- The normal force exerted by the floor on the bicyclist and the bike, N, vertically upward, and of same magnitude as the gravitational force

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- The air drag, R, of magnitude R = 60.0 N, acting horizontally backward, in the direction opposite to the motion of the bicyclist

2)

The magnitude of the net force on the bicyclist can be calculated by considering separately the two directions.

- Along the vertical direction, we have the gravitational force (downward) and the normal force (upward); these two forces are equal in magnitude, since the acceleration of the bicyclist along this direction is zero, therefore the net force in this direction is zero.

- Along the horizontal direction, the two forces (forward force of push and air drag) are balanced, since the acceleration is non-zero, so we can use Newton's second law of motion to find the net force on the bicylist:

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F_{net} is the net force

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a=2.20 m/s^2 is its acceleration

Solving, we find the net force:

F_{net}=(75.0)(2.20)=165 N

3)

In this part, we basically want to find the forward force of push, F.

We can rewrite the net force acting on the bicyclist as

F_{net}=F-R

where:

F is the forward force of push

R is the air drag

We know that:

F_{net}=165 N is the net force on the bicyclist

R = 60.0 N is the magnitude of the air drag

Therefore, by re-arranging the equation, we can find the force generated by the bicylicst by pedaling:

F=F_{net}+R=165+60=225 N

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Answer:

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