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umka2103 [35]
3 years ago
14

What is the empirical formula for a substance that is composed of 40.66% carbon, 8.53% Hydrogen,23.72% Nitrogen, and 27.09% Oxyg

en?
Chemistry
1 answer:
prohojiy [21]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

THE EMPIRICAL FORMULA OF THE SUBSTANCE IS C2H5NO

Explanation:

The steps involved in calculating the empirical formula of this substance in shown in the table below:

Element                            Carbon           Hydrogen          Nitrogen         Oxygen

1. % Composition              40.66              8.53                 23.72                27.09

2. Mole ratio =

%mass/ atomic mass       40.66/12         8.53/1          23.72/14            27.09/16

                                       =  3.3883            8.53              1,6943             1.6931

3. Divide by smallest

value (0.6931)          3.3883/1.6931    8.53/1.6931    1.6943/1.6931   1.6931/1.6931

                               =      2.001                  5.038           1.0007                      1

4. Whole number ratio        2                       5                   1                               1

The empirical formula = C2H5NO

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The empirical formula for this vitamin : C₃H₄O₃

<h3>Further explanation   </h3>

The empirical formula is the smallest comparison of atoms of compound =mole ratio of the components

The principle of determining empirical formula

  • Determine the mass ratio of the constituent elements of the compound.  
  • Determine the mole ratio by dividing the percentage by the atomic mass

Mass of C in CO₂ :(MW C = 12 g/mol, CO₂=44 g/mol)

\tt \dfrac{12}{44}\times 1.4991=0.409~g

Mass of H in H₂O :(MW H = 1 g/mol, H₂O = 18 g/mol)

\tt \dfrac{2.1}{18}\times 0.4092=0.0455~g

Mass O = Mass sample - (mass C + mass H) :

\tt 1-(0.409+0.0455)=0.5455~g

mol ratio C : H : O =

\tt \dfrac{0.409}{12}\div \dfrac{0.0455}{1}\div \dfrac{0.5455}{16}\\\\0.0341\div 0.0455\div 0.0341\rightarrow 1\div 1.33\div 1=3\div 4\div 3

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