A residue from a gunshot is most likely gun powder, which tells you what kind of bullet was shot and the type of gun that was used to shoot the target/victim/person. Some complications may be that there is more than one gun or weapon which uses that residue, so it may be hard to pinpoint it and the bullet can't really tell you who it is unless there's DNA on the bullet, and the chemicals of the bullet may even destroy evidence.
Chemical weathering is the weakening and subsequent disintegration of rock by chemical reactions.
The Beer-Lambert law states that A = E*c*l where A is absorbance, E is the molar absorbance coeffecient, c is concentration and l is path length. Therefore the absorbance is directly proportional to concentration, and by increasing the concentration by a factor of 3, absorbance will increase by a factor of 3 giving A = 1.584
Solar Radiation(Basically Radiation)
The reason why the reaction written on the picture can be classified as a synthesis reaction is :
the reaction shows one compound that formed from two compounds
hope this helps