Answer:
Explanation:
(a) Part 1: 
reaction. This is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which we have two steps. Firstly, chlorine, a good leaving group, leaves the carbon skeleton to form a relatively stable secondary carbocation. This carbocation is then attacked by the hydroxide anion, our nucleophile, to form the final product.
To summarize, this mechanism takes places in two separate steps. The mechanism is attached below.
Part 2: 
reaction. This is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which we have one step. Our nucleophile, hydroxide, attacks the carbon and then chlorine leaves simultaneously without an intermediate carbocation being formed.
The mechanism is attached as well.
(b) The rate determining step is the slow step. Formation of the carbocation has the greatest activation energy, so this is our rate determining step for . For , we only have one step, so the rate determining step is the attack of the nucleophile and the loss of the leaving group.
Well the answer to number 1 is definitely B
number 2 is B
number 3 is D
Number 4 is C
Hope this helps:)
When the volume is 450 cm3 so the boat will displace 450 g.
so we have 450 g - 14.5g = 435.5 left
so to get how many pennies can be added to the boat before it sinks can be determined by:
divided the mass for the one penny:
no.of Penny = 435.5 / 2.5g
= 174.2
∴ the boat will float with 174 pennies and will start to sink with 175
Answer: Energy of reactants = 30, Energy of products = 10
Exothermic
Activation energy for forward reaction is 10.
Explanation:
Exothermic reactions are defined as the reactions in which energy of the product is lesser than the energy of the reactants. The total energy is released in the form of heat and 
for the reaction comes out to be negative.
Energy of reactants = 30
Energy of products = 10
Thus as energy of the product < energy of the reactant, the reaction is exothermic.
Activation energy 
is the extra energy that must be supplied to reactants in order to cross the energy barrier and thus convert to products.
for forward reaction is (40-30) = 10.
