Wym there is no question or statements.
Based on the compounds given, I can say that the substance that is considered essential in the plastic making is NITRIC ACID. This substance is also known as aqua fortis and spirit of niter wherein this decomposes into oxides of nitrogen and water. The answer would be the last option. Hope this helps.
Because the size of atoms increase as you move down the periodic table.
84 divided by 2 = 42.
2 goes into 8 four times, so there would be your 4.
Then 2 goes into 2 one time, and there would be your 2.
You check your answer by multiplying 42 by 2, which would give you, 84.