The mechanical properties of a metal may be improved by incorporating fine particles of its oxide. Given that the moduli of elas
ticity of the metal and oxide are, respectively, 52 GPa and 380 GPa, what is the (a) upper-bound, and (b) lower-bound modulus of elasticity values (in GPa) for a composite that has a composition of 90 vol% of oxide particles.
Heat transfer rate to an object is equal to the thermal conductivity of the material the object is made from, multiplied by the surface area in contact, multiplied by the difference in temperature between the two objects, divided by the thickness of the material.