Two production methods are being compared. One manual and the other automated. The manual method produces 10 pc per hour and req
uires one worker at $ 15.00 per hour. Fixed cost of the manual method is $ 5,000 per year. The automated method produces 25 pc per hour, has a fixed cost of $ 55,000 per year, and a variable cost of $ 4.50 per hour. Determine the Break – Even Point (BEP) for the two methods; that is, determine the annual production quantity at which the two methods have the same annual cost. Ignore the cost of material used in the two methods
1 answer:
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Answer:
a) Tբ = 151.8°C
b) ΔV = - 0.194 m³
c) The T-V diagram is sketched in the image attached.
Explanation:
Using steam tables,
At the given pressure of 0.5 MPa, the saturation temperature is the final temperature.
Right from the steam tables (A-5) with a little interpolation, Tբ = 151.793°C
b) The volume change
Using data from A-5 and A-6 of the steam tables,
The volume change will be calculated from the mass (0.58 kg), the initial specific volume (αᵢ) and the final specific volume
(αբ) (which is calculated from the final quality and the consituents of the specific volumes).
ΔV = m(αբ - αᵢ)
αբ = αₗ + q(αₗᵥ) = αₗ + q (αᵥ - αₗ)
q = 0.5, αₗ = 0.00109 m³/kg, αᵥ = 0.3748 m³/kg
αբ = 0.00109 + 0.5(0.3748 - 0.00109)
αբ = 0.187945 m³/kg
αᵢ = 0.5226 m³/kg
ΔV = 0.58 (0.187945 - 0.5226) = - 0.194 m³
c) The T-V diagram is sketched in the image attached
