Answer:
1. E x 4πr² = ( Q x r³) / ( R³ x ε₀ )
Explanation:
According to the problem, Q is the charge on the non conducting sphere of radius R. Let ρ be the volume charge density of the non conducting sphere.
As shown in the figure, let r be the radius of the sphere inside the bigger non conducting sphere. Hence, the charge on the sphere of radius r is :
Q₁ = ∫ ρ dV
Here dV is the volume element of sphere of radius r.
Q₁ = ρ x 4π x ∫ r² dr
The limit of integration is from 0 to r as r is less than R.
Q₁ = (4π x ρ x r³ )/3
But volume charge density, ρ = 
So, 
Applying Gauss law of electrostatics ;
∫ E ds = Q₁/ε₀
Here E is electric field inside the sphere and ds is surface element of sphere of radius r.
Substitute the value of Q₁ in the above equation. Hence,
E x 4πr² = ( Q x r³) / ( R³ x ε₀ )
Answer:
The time taken is 
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The speed of first car is 
The speed of second car is 
The initial distance of separation is 
The distance covered by first car is mathematically represented as
Here 
is the initial distance which is 0 m/s
and 
is the final distance covered which is evaluated as 
So
The distance covered by second car is mathematically represented as
Here is the initial distance which is 119 m
and is the final distance covered which is evaluated as 
Given that the two car are now in the same position we have that
The answer is Tectonic Plates
The velocity of the boat after the package is thrown is 0.36 m/s.
<h3>
Final velocity of the boat</h3>
Apply the principle of conservation of linear momentum;
Pi = Pf
where;
- Pi is initial momentum
- Pf is final momentum
v(74 + 135) = 15 x 5
v(209) = 75
v = 75/209
v = 0.36 m/s
Thus, the velocity of the boat after the package is thrown is 0.36 m/s.
Learn more about velocity here: brainly.com/question/6504879
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Answer:
Use of telemetry and radar astronomy
Explanation:
An astronomical Unit (AU) is a unit of measuring distances in outer space, which is based on the approximate distance between the earth and the Sun.
After several years of trying to approximate the distance between the Sun and the Earth using several methods based on geometry and some other calculations, advancements in technology made available the presence of special motoring equipment, which can be placed in outer space to remotely monitor and measure the position of the sun.
The use of direct radar measurements to the sun (radar astronomy) have also made the determination of the AU more accurate.
A standard radar pulse of known speed is sent to the Sun, and the time with which it takes to return is measured, once this is recorded, the distance between the Earth and the Sun can be calculated using
distance = speed X time.
However, most of these means have to be corrected for parallax errors
