<span>You have multiple confounding variables, you cannot accurately conclude the relationship between the manipulated and dependent variable because the other variables that are not controlled for could be the reason for seeing a certain change</span>
Answer:
Gallium
Explanation:
Gallium is one such element used as a do/pant in a p-type semiconductor.
A do/pant is an impurity added to a semi-conductor used to alter its properties. Semi-conductors have a wide range of applications. They will conduct heat and electricity only under certain conditions. This property is highly desirable and find a wide application in electronics.
For p-type conductors, they are best do/ped with elements with 3 valence electrons. These are group 3 elements. From the choices, only gallium belongs to this group.
Other elements given are good do/pants for n-type semiconductors. They have 5 valence electrons.
Solution :
We know, resistance is given by :


Now, we know mass of wire is given by :

Hence, this is the required solution.
To solve this problem it is necessary to apply the concepts related to the Stefan-Boltzman law that is responsible for calculating radioactive energy.
Mathematically this expression can be given as

Where
A = Surface area of the Object
Stefan-Boltzmann constant
e = Emissivity
T = Temperature (Kelvin)
Our values are given as





Replacing at our equation and solving to find the temperature 1 we have,




Therefore the the temperature of the coldest room in which this person could stand and not experience a drop in body temperature is 12°C