Molarity is one way of expressing concentration and is equal to the number of moles of the solute per liter of the solution. Therefore,
Molarity = 2.39 mol / L solution
2.39 ( 1.0) = 2.39 mol HF
Hope this answers the question.
Lowery-Bronsted theory is applied here. Acc. to this theory Base accepts protons and Acids donate proton.
Part 1:
Aniline is less basic than ethylamine because the lone pair on nitrogen (which accepts proton) is not localized. It resonates throughout the conjugated system of phenyl ring. Hence due to unavailability of electrons for accepting proton it is less basic compare to ethylamine. In ethyl amine the lone pair of electron is localized and available to abstract proton.
Part 2:
In this case the alkyl groups attached to -NH₂ (in ethylamine) and -O⁻ (in ethoxide are same (i.e. CH₃-CH₂-). Ethoxide is more basic than ethylamine because ethoxide is a conjugate base of ethanol (pKa value of ethanol = 15.9 very weak acid) and the conjugate base of weak acid is always a strong base. Secondly, the oxygen atom more Electronegative than Nitrogen atom can attract more electron cloud from alkyl group as compared to Nitrogen in ethylamine. Hence, oxygen in ethoxide attains greater electron cloud than the nitrogen in ethylamine. Therefore, it is more basic than ethylamine.
The state of matter with a specific volume but no definite shape is the <u>Liquid</u> state.
<u>Explanation:</u>
There are three states of matter according to chemical science: Solid, Liquid and Gas. There is not much space in among the molecules. The particles in a liquid are free to float, so while a liquid has a certain volume it has no definite form. Liquids are composed of atoms or molecules bound by inter molecular bonds.
Most of the liquids resist compression while some do not, unlike a gas, a liquid will not spread to fill any container room and will retain a fairly constant density. A characteristic liquid state property is surface tension that results to wetting phenomena. Water is perhaps the most frequent substance on Earth.