1. Chemical eqn:
Hg(ClO4)2 + Na2S -> HgS + 2NaClO4
mercury perchlorate has a molar mass of 399.5g/mol (1d.p) and for Na2S it is 78.0g/mol (1d.p.)
no. of moles of mercury perchlorate= 48.99÷399.5= 0.12263mol(5s.f.)
no. of moles of Na2S= 8.564÷78.0= 0.10979mol ( 5s.f.)
so no. of moles of Hg(ClO4)2/ no. of moles of Na2S= 1/1 according to the eqn
so no. of moles of Hg(ClO4)2 needed if all Na2S is used up is 1/1×0.10979= 0.10979 mols
since no. of moles of mercury perchlorate needed < no. of moles of it provided, it is in excess and Na2S is the limiting factor.
since HgS is a solid and NaClO4 is aqueous, solid ppt formed will only be HgS.
no. of moles of HgS/ no. of moles of NaClO4= 1/1
no. of moles of HgS produced= 0.10979mols
molar mass of HgS= 232.7g/mol 1d.p.
grams of solid produced= 232.7×0.10979= 25.5g (3s.f.)
2. reactant in excess is Hg(ClO4)2,
no. of excess moles= 0.12263-0.10979= 0.01284mols
grams of excess reactant= 0.01284×399.5= 5.13g (3s.f.)
