4-methyl-3-hexanol was prepared by reacting an alkene with either hydroboration-oxidation or oxymercuration-reduction. Draw the
structure of the alkene that was used to prepare the alcohol in highest yield.
1 answer:
Answer:
Structure in attachment.
Explanation:
The oxymercuration-demercuration of an asymmetric alkene usually produces the Markovnikov orientation of an addition. The electrophile ⁺Hg(OAc), formed by the electrophile attack of the mercury ion, remains attached to least substituted group at the end of the double bond. This electrophile has a considerable amount of positive charge on its two carbon atoms, but there is more positive charge on the more substituted carbon atom, where it is more stable. The water attack occurs on this more electrophilic carbon, and the Markovnikov orientation occurs.
In hydroboration, borane adds to the double bond in one step. Boron is added to the less hindered and less substituted carbon, and hydrogen is added to the more substituted carbon. The electrophilic boron atom adds to the less substituted end of the double bond, positioning the positive charge (and the hydrogen atom) at the more substituted end. The result is a product with the anti-Markovnikov orientation.
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Answer:
The first one.
Explanation:
When comparing two fractions with variables like this, it's important to get to the same denominator in order to compare apples with apples and then be able to do not only comparisons but also perform additions/subtractions.
Question is which denominator to use and how to reach it.
In this case, the question and the answer choices do the work for you. The question asks which one is the LEAST common denominator, and the answers show denominators x² and 4x². The smallest of these is x², however, we can't simplify the first fraction to get to the x² denominator, so we'll go for the 4x².
So, the first fraction has already the correct denominator (4x²), we just have to transform the second one.
We multiply it by 1, expressed in a different way. Since we're multiplying by one, we're not affecting the value, just the way it looks.
Let's do it!, to get the denominator to go from x² to 4x², we need to multiply it by 4... so we'll multiply by 4/4 (which is 1, neutral for the multiplication).
And now you have both fractions on the same denominator, without having changed their value, just their looks