Answer:
a dominant mutation
Explanation:
A monohybrid testcross is a cross-breeding experiment used to determine if an individual exhibiting a dominant phenotype is homo-zygous dominant or heterozygous for a particular phenotypic trait (in this case, wing length). In a monohybrid testcross, a 1:1 phenotypic ratio shows that the dominant parental phenotype was a heterozygote for a single gene that has complete dominance. Moreover, a 3:1 ratio in the F2 is expected of a cross between heterozygous F1 individuals, which means that 75% of individuals with short wings have the dominant allele that masks the expression of the long-wing trait (i.e. the recessive allele).
<span>The tone, before conditioned to salivation, is simply a stimuli that the dog is responding to or ignoring in it's environment. Since it has no taught reactions to this sound, it is simply part of the environment the dog is in.</span>
I believe that it would be that mass and texture affect the amount of friction. Hope this helps!
