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3 years ago

John Dalton believed which of the following about atoms?

Chemistry

1 answer:

Snowcat [4.5K]3 years ago

8 0

Answer : Option B) All atoms of a single substance are identical.

Explanation : The scientist John Dalton proposed the atomic theory which had the postulates as follows.

i) All matter/substances consists of indivisible particles known as atoms.

ii) Atoms of the same element/substance are similar in mass,shape and size, but differ from the atoms of other elements.

iii) Atoms obey the law of conservation of energy which says atoms cannot be created or destroyed.

iv) Atoms of different elements may combine with each other in a fixed, simple, whole number ratios to form any compound atoms.

v) Atoms of same element can combine in ratio with more than one to form two or more compounds.

vi) The atom is considered to be the smallest unit of matter that can take part in a chemical reaction

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3 years ago

Predict the products of each of the following reactions and then balance the chemical equations.

Nookie1986 [14]

Answer: The chemical equations are given below.

Explanation:

For a: Fe is heated in an atmosphere of steam.

The chemical equation follows:

$3Fe(s)+4H_2O(g)\rightarrow Fe_3O_4(s)+4H_2(g)$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

3 moles of iron reacts with 4 moles of steam to produce 1 mole of iron (II,III) oxide and 4 moles of hydrogen.

For b: NaOH is added to a solution of $Fe(NO_3)_3$

The chemical equation follows:

$Fe(NO_3)_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Fe(OH)_2+3NaNO_3$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of iron nitrate reacts with 3 moles of sodium hydroxide to produce 1 mole of iron hydroxide and 3 moles of sodium nitrate.

For c: $FeSO_4$ is added to an acidic solution of $KMnO_4$

The chemical equation follows:

$10FeSO_4+2KMnO_4+8H_2SO_4\rightarrow 5Fe_2(SO_4)_3+K_2SO_4+2MnO_4+8H_2O$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

10 moles of iron(II) sulfate reacts with 2 moles of potassium permangante and 8 moles of sulfuric acid to produce 5 moles of iron(III) sulfate, 1 mole of potassium sulfate, 2 moles of manganese oxide and 8 moles of water.

For d: Fe is added to a dilute solution of $H_2SO_4$

The chemical equation follows:

$Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of iron reacts with 1 mole of sulfuric acid to produce 1 mole of iron sulfate and 1 mole of hydrogen gas.

For e: A solution of $Fe(NO_3)_2$ and $HNO_3$ is allowed to stand in air.

The chemical equation follows:

$3Fe(NO_3)_2+4HNO_3\rightarrow 3Fe(NO_3)_3+NO+H_2O$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

3 moles of iron(II) nitrate reacts with 4 moles of nitric acid to produce 3 moles of iron(III) nitrate, 1 mole of nitric oxide and 1 mole of water.

For f: $FeCO_3$ is added to a solution of $HClO_4$

The chemical equation follows:

$FeCO_3+2HClO_4\rightarrow Fe(ClO_4)_2+CO_2+H_2O$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of iron(II) carbonate reacts with 2 moles of perchloric acid to produce 1 moles of iron(II) perchlorate, 1 mole of carbon dioxide and 1 mole of water.

For g: Fe is heated in air

The chemical equation follows:

$2Fe+O_2\rightarrow 2FeO$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

2 moles of iron reacts with 1 mole of oxygen gas to produce 2 moles of iron(II) oxide.

Hence, the chemical equations are given above.

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3 years ago