2-bromo-1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene is being synthesized in following sequence:
Step 1: Chlorination of Benzene:
This is Halogenation reaction of benzene. In this step benzene is reacted with Chlorine gas in the presence of lewis acid (i.e. FeCl₃). This results in the formation of Chlorobenzene as shown in red step below.
Step 2: Nitration of Chlorobenzene:
The chlorine atom on benzene has a ortho para directing effect. Therefore, the nitration of chlorobenzene will yield para nitro chlorobenzene as shown in blue step below.
Step 3: Bromination of 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene:
In this step bromination is done by reacting bromine in the presence of lewis acid. The chlorine being ortho para directing in nature and nitro group being meta directing in nature will direct the incoming Br⁺ (electrophile) to the desired location. Hence, 2-bromo-1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene is synthesized in good yield.
The Nitrogen (N) will have the greatest attraction for the chlorine electrons.
Answer: A) N
Explanation
The tendency or the ability to attract electrons is termed as electronegativity.
The electronegativity tend to increase from left to right in the periods and bottom to top in the groups of the periodic table. So it is known that the halogen group consists of the most electronegative elements.
Though chlorine has high electronegativity of 3.16, the electrons of chlorine can be attracted by other electronegative elements provided that their electronegativity should be in the range of the electronegativity of Cl.
So among the elements given, Nitrogen (N) has an electronegativity of 3.04, Phosphor (P) has an electronegativity of 2.19 and Arsenide electronegativity is 2.18.
Thus it can be seen that the electronegativity is maximum for Nitrogen among the three elements so it should have the greatest tendency to attract Cl electrons.
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Answer :</h2><h3><u>
QUESTION ①)</u></h3>
✔ C5H4 has a molecular molar mass of :
<em>M(C5H4) = 5 x M(C) + 4 x M(H) </em>
- M(C5H4) = 5 x 12 + 4 x 1
- M(C5H4) = 60 + 4
- M(C5H4) = 64 g/mol
✔ The molecular mass of C5H4 is therefore 64 g/mol.
<h3>This is double the molar mass of C5H4, this molecule has the formula 2C5H4.</h3>
Explanation:
The reaction expression is given as;
2H₂
+ O₂ → 2H₂O
From the balance reaction expression:
2 mole of hydrogen gas combines with 1 mole of oxygen gas on the reactant side;
This produces 2 mole of water on the product side of the expression.
The product is in liquid form.
This reaction is a synthesis reaction because a single product is formed from two reactants.
Answer:
pH = 5.58
Explanation:
Given that :
Citric acid is a triprotic acid with the formula 
. Tripotic acids are acids that have the tendency to yield three protons per molecule during the phases of dissociation, therefore they have three pka.
For Citric acid; the pka values are:
So, the pH of sodiummonohydrogencitrate with the chemical formula 
which can act as an acid and a base (i.e it is said to be amphoteric) can be calculated as :
pH = 5.58
Therefore, the approximate pH of a solution of sodium monohydrogencitrate = 5.58
