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Aleksandr [31]
3 years ago
11

Metal ions are typically [a.larger than b.smaller than c.equal in size to] their corresponding neutral atoms. Nonmetal ions are

typically [a.larger than b.smaller than c.equal in size to] than their corresponding neutral atoms.

Chemistry
2 answers:
Mariana [72]3 years ago
5 0

Metal ions are typically b. smaller than their corresponding neutral atoms.

When we form a metal ion, we are <em>removing the outermost (valence) electrons</em> and exposing the smaller inner core.

Non-metal ions are typically a. larger than their corresponding neutral atoms.

The <em>added electrons repel each other</em>, so the electron cloud becomes larger.

Olenka [21]3 years ago
4 0

An atom consists of a central nucleus with positively charged protons and neutral neutrons. Negatively charged electrons revolve around the nucleus along electronic shells. A metal atom has the tendency to lose electrons from the outermost electronic shell to form a positive ion known as cation. In a cation, the number of electrons is less than the protons in the nucleus. As a result, electrons are attracted towards the nucleus by a strong force of attraction. This makes metal ions smaller than their corresponding neutral atoms.

(Ans) (b) smaller than

A nonmetal atom usually gains electrons to form a negative ion or anion. In an anion the number of electrons is more. As a result, electrons start to repel with each other and the electrons spread out. This increases the size of anions. For this reason, nonmetal ions are typically larger than their corresponding neutral atoms.

(Ans) (a) larger than

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A 0.5438 g of a C.H.O. compound was combusted in air to make 1.039 g of CO2 and 0.6369 g H20. What is the empirical formula? Bal
goblinko [34]

Answer:

C₃H₅O₂

4C₃H₅O₂ + 13O₂ → 12CO₂ + 10H₂O

Explanation:

The reaction can be expressed as:

CₓHₓOₓ + nO₂ → CO₂ + H₂O

Under the assumption that there was a total combustion, all of the carbon in the reactant was combusted into CO₂, so <u>the mass of C contained in the C.H.O. compound is the same mass of C contained in 1.039 g of CO₂</u>:

1.039gCO_{2}*\frac{1molCO_{2}}{44gCO_{2}} *\frac{1molC}{1molCO_{2}} *\frac{12gC}{1molC} =0.2834gC

All of the hydrogens atoms in the compound ended up becoming H₂O, so <u>the mass of H contained in the C.H.O. compound is the same mass of H contained in 0.6369 g of H₂O</u>:

0.6369g*\frac{1molH_{2}O}{18gH_{2}O} *\frac{1molH}{1molH_{2}O} *\frac{1gH}{1molH} =0.0354gH

Because the compound is composed only by C, H and O, <u>the mass of O in the compound can be calculated by substraction</u>:

0.5438 g Compound - 0.2834 g C - 0.0354 g H = 0.2250 g O

In order to determine the empirical formula, we calculate the moles of each component:

  • mol C = 0.2834 g C ÷ 12 g/mol = 0.0236 mol C
  • mol H = 0.0354 g H ÷ 1 g/mol = 0.0354 mol H
  • mol O = 0.2250 g O ÷ 16 g/mol = 0.0141 mol O

Then we divide those values by the lowest one:

0.0236 mol C ÷ 0.0141 = 1.67

0.0354 mol H ÷ 0.0141 = 2.51

0.0141 mol O ÷ 0.0141 = 1

If we multiply those values by 2, we're left with the empirical formula C₃H₅O₂.

  • The reaction is:

4C₃H₅O₂ + 13O₂ → 12CO₂ + 10H₂O

8 0
3 years ago
Define atomic numberand mass number. Which can vary without changing the identity of the element?
Volgvan

Explanation:

Atomic number is defined as the number of an element which represents total number of protons.

When an atom is neutral then it means it contains same number of protons and electrons.

On the other hand, atomic mass is defined as the sum of total number of protons and neutrons present in an atom.

Protons of every element remains fixed because it shows the identity of each element but if we change the number of neutrons then also identity of the atom will remain fixed. This is because changing the number of neutrons will not show any change in number of protons.

For example, ^{2}_{1}H and ^{3}_{1}H are isotopes of hydrogen and they have same number of protons but different number of neutrons.

Thus, we can conclude that number of neutrons can vary without changing the identity of the element.

8 0
3 years ago
1. What is a metal replacement reaction?
MAXImum [283]

Answer:

a reaction in which one element is substituted for another element in a compound

Explanation:

4 0
2 years ago
A bike rider approaches a hill with a speed of 8.5 m/s. The total mass of the bike and the rider is 85 kg. Find the kinetic ener
krek1111 [17]

KE=3070.625 J

Height = 3.686 m

<h3>Further explanation</h3>

mass of bike+rider=85 kg

velocity = 8.5 m/s

\tt KE=\dfrac{1}{2}mv^2\\\\KE=\dfrac{1}{2}\times 85\times 8.5^2\\\\KE=3070.625~J

Conservation of energy :

(KE+PE)₁ (downhill) = (KE+PE)₂ (up the hill)

PE₁=0⇒h=0

KE₂=0⇒v=0(stop), so equation becomes :

KE₁=PE₂

\tt KE_1=3070.625\\\\KE_1=mgh_2\\\\3070.625=85\times 9.8\times h\Rightarrow h=3.686~m

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3 years ago
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