The Ideal Gas Equation
The term pVnRT is also called the compression factor and is a measure of the ideality of the gas. An ideal gas will always equal 1 when plugged into this equation……
Electron structure of sodium:
₁₁Na: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹
The density of ice is less than the density of water (liquid). We generally observe that the density of a solid substance is more than its liquid form as volume of a solid is generally less than the liquid, However in case of water this is not true.
The volume of ice is less than that of liquid water due to an open cage like structure in ice which gives its a wide structure. This cage like structure is due to presence of hydrogen bond (more extensive) in ice.
The maximum density of water is observed at 4 degree celsius
A foreign DNA molecule can be incorporated into a bacterial plasmid during a transformation reaction.
<h3>How to explain the reaction?</h3>
With the aid of two enzymes, ligase and restriction enzymes, a foreign DNA molecule can be incorporated into a bacterial plasmid during a transformation reaction. Each enzyme detects a target DNA sequence and cuts it nearby, while ligase aids in connecting the DNA. When two bits of DNA have complimentary bases, it facilitates their joining.
Plasmid and the insert fragment are both present in the microfuge tube, and they both have compatible sticky ends. However, the ligase has been denatured and is no longer active because the prior student left it outside rather than freezing it; despite this, we had already put the ligase into the tube. Ligase aids in binding the plasmid and insert fragments together, but because it is denatured in this instance, it will no longer be able to do so. As a result, no transformation process will take place. And since ligase links DNA fragments together by catalyzing the development of connections between the nearby nucleotides, the two fragments will not be able to unite.
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