Answer:
4°C
Explanation:
Water is densest at 4°C. Since dense water sinks, the bottom of the lake will be 4°C.
Chloroplast...................
Answer:
(A). The flux is 0.336 N.m²/C
(B). The flux is zero.
Explanation:
Given that,
Length = 4.2 cm
Width = 4.0 cm
Electric field 
Area vector is perpendicular to xy plane
(A). We need to calculate the flux
Using formula of flux

Where, E = electric field
A = area
Put the value into the formula



(B). Given electric field

We need to calculate the flux
Using formula of flux

Put the value into the formula

Here, The component of k is not given
So, the flux is

Hence, (A). The flux is -0.336 N.m²/C
(B). The flux is zero.
Alessandro Volta's battery was a simple and reliable source of electric current, which allowed scientists to study electricity better than they could with previous sources, such as the Leyden jar, and allowed the development of new technology powered by electricity.