Question

Which of the following describes carbon dioxide? O Has polar covalent bonds and is a polar molecule O Has non-polar covalent bonds and is a polar molecule O Has ionic bonds and is an polar molecules O Has ionic bonds and is a non-polar molecule O Has polar bonds and is a non-polar molecule O Has non-polar bonds and is a non-polar molecules

Answer 1

Answer: Option "Has polar bonds and is a non-polar molecule" is the correct answer.

Explanation:

A covalent compound is defined as the compound in which there will be sharing of electrons between the combining atoms.

An ionic compound is defined as the compound in which there will be transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

• A non-polar covalent compound is defined as the compound in which there will be equal sharing of electrons between the combining atoms.

For example, a chlorine atom has 7 valence electrons.

So, when a chlorine atom chemically combines with another chlorine atom then there occurs equal sharing of electrons.

Hence, molecule $Cl_{2}$ is formed which is non-polar covalent compound in nature with non-polar covalent bond.

• A polar covalent bond is defined as the bond in which there will be unequal sharing of electrons between the combining atoms.

For example, a carbon atom has 4 valence electrons and an oxygen atom has 6 valence electrons.

To complete their octet a carbon atom needs 4 more electrons and an oxygen atom needs 2 more electrons.

And, when one carbon and two oxygen atoms chemically combine together then there occurs unequal sharing of electrons.

Hence, a polar covalent compound $CO_{2}$ is formed.

Since, oxygen is more electronegative than carbon atom. Hence, dipoles in the linear carbon dioxide molecules will cancel out each other.

Therefore, a carbon dioxide molecule is non-polar compound that has polar covalent bonds.

Thus, we can conclude that the statement, has polar bonds and is a non-polar molecule, correctly describes carbon dioxide.