Benzene can be nitrated with a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids. How do we do that?
1 answer:
Answer:
We can do the nitration of benzene by treating the benzene with a mixture of nitric acid and sulphuric acid by not extending the temperature of 50°C
Explanation:
Nitration of benzene takes place by treating the benzene with a mixture of nitric acid and sulphuric acid at low temperatures such as the temperatures below 50°C
The nitration of benzene takes place through electrophilic substitution reaction
In this reaction the electrophile is nitronium ion (NO2+) which performs an electrophilic substitution reaction on the benzene ring and during the reaction an intermediate will also be formed in which there will be positive charge distributed in the benzene
These electrophile is generated when nitric acid is treated with sulphuric acid
As nitric acid is a strong oxidising agent, here in this case the oxidation state of nitrogen will change from +5 to +3
The reactions regarding the nitration of benzene is present in the file attached
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Answer: 502 Joules
Explanation:
To calculate the mass of water, we use the equation:
Density of water = 1 g/mL
Volume of water = 40.0 mL
Putting values in above equation, we get:
When metal is dipped in water, the amount of heat released by lead will be equal to the amount of heat absorbed by water.
The equation used to calculate heat released or absorbed follows:
q = heat absorbed by water
= mass of water = 40.0 g
= final temperature of water = 20.0°C
= initial temperature of water = 17.0°C
= specific heat of water= 4.186 J/g°C
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
Hence, the joules of heat were re-leased by the lead is 502