The snake and rat both share the same ancestor population that had a quadrate bone, which was inherited from an ancestor population.
<h3>What is a homo-logous structure?</h3>
A homo-logous structure is a trait that may or not have the same function but has a common evolutionary origin.
A homo-logous structure can be used to trace the evolutionary relationships between species.
Conversely, an analogous structure has the same function but it does not reflect an evolutionary origin.
Learn more about homo-logous structure here:
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Boyle's law states:
pV = C, where p = pressure, V = volume, C = constant.
Therefore,
p1V1 = p2V2
And the,
p2 = p1V1/V2
p1 = 512 kPa
V1 = 5l
p2 =?
V2 = 4l
Therefore,
p2= 512*5/4 = 640 kPa
In order to solve this problem it is necessary to apply the concepts related to intensity and specifically described in Malus's law.
Malus's law warns that

Where,
Angle between the analyzer axis and the polarization axis
Intensity of the light before passing through the polarizer
The intensity of the beam from the first polarizer is equal to the half of the initial intensity

Replacing with our the numerical values we get


Therefore the intensity of the light that emerges from the filter is 
Answer:
d) shortening the string
Explanation:
Time period of a pendulum clock is dependent on two factors namely:length and acceleration due to gravity.
When a clock loses time, the time period of the pendulum clock increases.
This however can be corrected by decreasing the length of the pendulum.The time period of the pendulum clock is not dependent on the mass of the bob. The time period of the pendulum clock can be corrected only by changing the length of the pendulum string.