A common rule of thumb for controller discretization is to have "6 samples per rise time" in order to achieve a reasonable appro
ximation of the CT controller, without wasting computing resources. Derive the effect on PM that this choice will have. Also derive the relationship of this choice to the effective Nyquist rate for the closed-loop system.
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Answer:
See attached
Explanation:
The next state of a toggle flip-flop is the inverse of the present state. This behavior can be produced using a D flip-flop that has its input connected to the inverse of its output.
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A schematic is attached.
Answer:
Explanation:
The distance of the chain would be the product of the dislocation density and the volume of the metal.
Dislocation density =
Volume of the metal =
The chain would extend
Dislocation density =
Volume of the metal =
The chain would extend
Answer and Explanation:
The answer is attached below
