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daser333 [38]
3 years ago
8

1. An automobile travels along a straight road at 15.65 m/s through a 11.18 m/s

Engineering
1 answer:
djyliett [7]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

a.) Time = 17.13 seconds

b.) 31.88 m

c.) V = 11.18 m/s

d.) V = 7.1 m/s

Explanation:

The initial velocity U of the automobile is 15.65 m/s.

 At the instant that the two vehicles are abreast of each other, the police car starts to pursue the automobile with initial velocity U = 0 at a constant acceleration of 1.96 m/s². Because the police is starting from rest.

For the automobile, let us use first equation of motion

V = U - at.

Acceleration a is negative since it is decelerating with a = 3.05 m/s² . And

V = 0.

Substitute U and a into the formula

0 = 15.65 - 3.05t

15.65 = 3.05t

t = 15.65/3.05

t = 5.13 seconds

But the motorist noticed the police car in his rear view mirror 12 s after the police car started the pursuit and applied his brakes and decelerates at 3.05 m/s².

The total time required for the police car to overtake the automobile will be

12 + 5.13 = 17.13 seconds.

b.) Using the third equation of motion formula for the police car at V = 11.18 m/s and a = 1.96 m/s²

V^2 = U^2 + 2aS

Where S = distance travelled.

Substitute V and a into the formula

11.18^2 = 0 + 2 × 1.96 ×S

124.99 = 3.92S

S = 124.99/3.92

S = 31.88 m

c.) The speed of the police car at the time it overtakes the automobile will be in line with the speed zone which is 11.18 m/s

d.) That will be the final velocity V of the automobile car.

We will use third equation of motion to solve that.

V^2 = U^2 + 2as

V^2 = 15.65^2 - 2 × 3.05 × 31.88

V^2 = 244.9225 - 194.468

V = sqrt( 50.4545)

V = 7.1 m/s

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Assumptions:

  • Steady state.
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Explanation:

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  • Adiabatic compression <em>1-2</em>: the mass of working fluid is compressed isentropically from State 1 to State 2 through compression ratio (r).

        r =\frac{V_1}{V_2}

  • Ignition 2-3: the volume remains constant while heat is added to the mass of gas.
  • Expansion 3-4: the working fluid does work on the piston due to the high pressure within it, thus the working fluid reaches the maximum volume through the compression ratio.

         r = \frac{V_4}{V_3} = \frac{V_1}{V_2}

  • Heat Rejection 4-1: heat is removed from the working fluid as the pressure drops instantaneously.
  • Exhaust 1-0: the working fluid is vented to the atmosphere.

If the system produces enough work, the automobile and its occupants will propel. On the other hand, the efficiency of the Otto Cycle is defined as follows:

           \eta = 1-(\frac{1}{r^{\gamma - 1} } )

where:

           \gamma = \frac{C_{p} }{C_{v}} : specific heat ratio

Ideal air is the working fluid, as stated before, for which its specific heat ratio can be considered constant.

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3 years ago
1. Calculate the battery life in years when a pacemaker has the following characteristics: Battery Ampere-hours = 1.5 Pulse volt
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Answer:

battery life in year = 9 years and 48 days

Explanation:

given data

Battery Ampere-hours = 1.5

Pulse voltage = 2 V

Pulse width = 1.5 m sec

Pulse time period = 1 sec

Electrode heart resistance = 150 Ω

Current drain on the battery = 1.25 µA

to find out

battery life in years

solution

we get first here duty cycle that is express as

duty cycle = \frac{width}{period}      ...............1

duty cycle = 1.5 × 10^{-3}

and applied voltage will be

applied voltage = duty energy × voltage    ...........2

applied voltage = 1.5 × 10^{-3} × 2

applied voltage = 3 mV

so current will be

current = \frac{applied\ voltage}{resistance}   ................3

current = \frac{3}{150}

current = 20 µA

so net current will be

net current = 20 - 1.25

net current = 18.75 µA

so battery life will be

battery life = \frac{1.5}{18.75*10^{-6}}

battery life = 80000 hours

battery life in year = \frac{80000}{8760}

battery life in year = 9.13 years

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4 0
3 years ago
A fluid of density 900 kg/m3 passes through a converging section of an upstream diameter of 50 mm and a downstream diameter of 2
NISA [10]

Answer:

Q= 4.6 × 10⁻³ m³/s

actual velocity will be equal to 8.39 m/s

Explanation:

density of fluid = 900 kg/m³

d₁ = 0.025 m

d₂ = 0.05 m

Δ P = -40 k N/m²

C v = 0.89

using energy equation

\dfrac{P_1}{\gamma}+\dfrac{v_1^2}{2g} = \dfrac{P_2}{\gamma}+\dfrac{v_2^2}{2g}\\\dfrac{P_1-P_2}{\gamma}=\dfrac{v_2^2-v_1^2}{2g}\\\dfrac{-40\times 10^3\times 2}{900}=v_2^2-v_1^2

under ideal condition v₁² = 0

v₂² = 88.88

v₂ = 9.43 m/s

hence discharge at downstream will be

Q = Av

Q = \dfrac{\pi}{4}d_1^2 \times v

Q = \dfrac{\pi}{4}0.025^2 \times 9.43

Q= 4.6 × 10⁻³ m³/s

we know that

C_v =\dfrac{actual\ velocity}{theoretical\ velocity }\\0.89 =\dfrac{actual\ velocity}{9.43}\\actual\ velocity = 8.39m/s

hence , actual velocity will be equal to 8.39 m/s

6 0
3 years ago
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