Consider two adjacent states, S1 and S2, that wish to control particulate emissions from power plants and cement plants; New Jer
sey and Pennsylvania, for example. Each state wants to remove all particulates larger than 100 nanometres from the airspace below 1000 feet. Suppose this requires 50 kilotons of abatement in each state. The aggregate cost of abatement when the marginal abatement costs of all industries within the state are equalized is 3A21 for state S1 and it is A2 for state S2, where Ai is measured in kilotons.(a) If the states do not cooperate, what is the cost of abatement in state S1?(b) Would a permit market with 50 kilotons of emissions permits distributed to the firms by means of an ascending clock auction equate the marginal abatement costs of all power and cement firms within state S1? You may assume that no firms are bankrupted.(c) If the states do not cooperate, what is the cost of abatement in state S2?(d) If the states do cooperate by means of a 100 kiloton cap and a permit market that covers both states with permits allocated by an ascending clock auction, what is the total cost of abatement? You may assume that no firms are bankrupted. You may also assume that a joint auction will not change the aggregate cost functions 3A21 for state S1 and A2 for state S2.(e) Why does the sum of the costs of abatement from question 1a and 1c not equal the cost of abatement in question 1d?
1 answer:
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Answer:
option (a) 0.61 s
Explanation:
Given;
Time taken by the ball to reach the ground = 0.50 s
Let us first calculate the distance through which the ball falls on the ground
from the Newton's equation of motion, we have
where,
s is the distance
a is the acceleration
t is the time
here it is the case of free fall
thus, a = g = acceleration due to gravity
u = initial speed of the ball = 0
on substituting the values, we get
or
s = 1.225 m
Now,
when the elevator is moving up with speed of 1.0 m/s
the initial speed of the ball = -1.0 m/s (as the elevator is moving in upward direction)
thus , we have
or
or
4.9t^2 - t - 1.225 = 0
or
t = 0.612 s
hence, the correct answer is option (a) 0.61 s
Answer:
(a) 99.865%
(b) 0.135%
Explanation:
Given that the weight of the boxes are normally distributed.
The average weight of the particular box,
ounce
The standard deviation of weight,
ounce.
Let be the standard normal variable,
And, the probability of the boxes having weight x ounces is
For ,
(a) For the boxes having weight more than 24.5 ounces:
So, the probability of boxes for is
=0.99865
So, the percent of the boxes weigh more than 24.5 ounces is 99.865%.
(b) For the boxes having weight less than 24.5 ounces: z<-3
So, the probability of boxes for z<-3 is
=0.00135
So, the percent of the boxes weigh more than 24.5 ounces is 0.135%.