<span>d.rotating counterclockwise and slowing down
This is a matter of understanding the notation and conventions of angular rotations. Positive rotations are counter clockwise and negative rotations are clockwise. An easy way to remember this is the "right hand rule". Make a closed fist with your right hand and have the thumb sticking outwards. If you orient your thumb such that it's pointing in the direction of the positive value along the axis, your fingers will be curled in the positive rotational direction. So in the described scenario, the sphere is rotating in the positive direction (counter clockwise) and decelerating due to the negative angular acceleration. That immediately indicates that options "a", "b", and "e" are wrong since they mention the sphere going clockwise at the beginning. Of the two remaining options "c" and "d", we can discard option "c" since it has the rotation speeding up, and that leaves us with option "d" where the sphere is rotating counter clockwise and slowing down.</span>
The electrostatic force between the two ions is 
Explanation:
The electrostatic force between two charged particle is given by Coulomb's law:

where
is the Coulomb's constant
are the two charges
r is the separation between the two charges
In this problem, the ion of sodium has a charge of

while the ion of chlorine has a charge of

And the distance between the two ions is

Substituting, we find the electrostatic force between the two ions:

where the negative sign simply means that the force is attractive, since the two ions have opposite charge.
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Answer : Noble Gases do not readily form compounds because they are chemically stable with 8 valence electrons.
Explanation :
Noble gases are the chemical elements that are present in group 18 in the periodic table.
The elements are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon and radon.
They are chemically most stable except helium due to having the maximum number of 8 valence electrons can hold their outermost shell that means they have a complete octet.
They are rarely reacts with other elements to form compounds by gaining or losing electrons since they are already chemically stable.
Hence, the noble Gases do not readily form compounds because they are chemically stable with 8 valence electrons.
A boiling pot of water (the water travels in a current throughout the pot), a hot air balloon (hot air rises, making the balloon rise) , and cup of a steaming, hot liquid (hot air rises, creating steam) are all situations where convection occurs.
Answer:
It can be said to be reliable although it is not valid
Explanation:
This is because Reliability means an indicator of consistency, A measure should produce similar or the same results consistently if it measures the same quantity. So does the thermometer measures over 5days but it is not valid because it deviates from the real value