Answer:
Percent yield = 84.5 %
Explanation:
Given data:
Mass of methanol = 229 g
Actual yield of water = 219 g
Percent yield of water = ?
Solution:
Chemical equation:
2CH₃OH + 3O₂ → 2CO₂ + 4H₂O
Number of moles of methanol:
Number of moles = mass/ molar mass
Number of moles = 229 g/ 32 g/mol
Number of moles = 7.2 mol
Now we will compare the moles of water with methanol.
CH₃OH : H₂O
2 : 4
7.2 : 4/2×7.2 = 14.4 mol
Mass of water:
Mass = number of moles × molae mass
Mass = 14.4 mol × 18 g/mol
Mass = 259.2 g
Percent yield:
Percent yield = actual yield / theoretical yield × 100
Percent yield = 219 g / 259.2 g × 100
Percent yield = 84.5 %
Substitution Reactions are those reactions in which one nucleophile replaces another nucleophile present on a substrate. These reactions can take place via two different mechanism i.e SN¹ or SN². In SN¹ substitution reactions the leaving group leaves first forming a carbocation and nucleophile attacks carbocation in the second step. While in SN² reactions the addition of Nucleophile and leaving of leaving group take place simultaneously.
Example:
OH⁻ + CH₃-Br → CH₃-OH + Br⁻
In above reaction,
OH⁻ = Incoming Nucleophile
CH₃-Br = Substrate
CH₃-OH = Product
Br⁻ = Leaving group
Organic reactions are typically slower than ionic reactions because in organic compounds the covalent bonds are first broken, this breaking of bonds is a slower step, while, in ionic compounds no bond breakage is required as it consists of ions, so only bond formation takes place which is a quicker and fast step.
Explanation:
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