1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
r-ruslan [8.4K]
3 years ago
11

Which of the following has the strongest buffering capacity? A. H2O B. 0.1 M HCl C. 0.1 M carbonic/bicarbonate (H2CO3/HCO3-) at

pH ~pKa D. 0.2 M carbonic/bicarbonate (H2CO3/HCO3-) at pH ~pKa
Chemistry
1 answer:
enyata [817]3 years ago
5 0

Explanation:

(A)   As we know that carbonic acid (H_{2}CO_{3}) and Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO_{3}) forms an acidic buffer.

Therefore, pH of an acidic buffer is given by Hendeerson-Hasselbalch equation as follows.

               pH = pK_{a} + log(\frac{[Salt]}{[Acid]}) ........... (1)

So mathematically,  if [Salt] = [Acid]  then \frac{[Salt]}{[Acid]} = 1 .

And,  log (\frac{[Salt]}{[Acid]}) = 0

Therefore, equation (1) gives us the following.

         pH = pK_{a} (when acid and salt are equal in concentration)

Hence, pK_{a} of H_{2}CO_{3} (carbonic acid) is 6.35.

And, with this we have following results.

In (A) and (D) we have the case \frac{[NaHCO_{3}]}{[H_{2}CO_{3}]}[/tex] i.e. [Salt] = [Acid].

Hence, for the cases pH = pK_{a} = 6.35.

(B)    [NaHCO_{3}] = 0.045 M and,  [H_{2}CO_{3}] = 0.45 M

Hence,   pH = 6.35 + log([NaHCO_{3}][[H_{2}CO_{3}])

                     = 6.35 + log(\frac{0.045}{0.45})

                     = 6.35 + (-1)

                     = 5.35

Therefore, it means that this buffer will be most suitable buffer as it has pH on acidic side and addition of slight excess base will not affect much of its pH value.

(C)    [NaHCO_{3}] = 0.45 M [H_{2}CO_{3}]

                          = 0.045 M

So,       pH = 6.35 + log(\frac{[NaHCO_{3}]}{[H_{2}CO_{3}]})

                  = 6.35 + log(\frac{0.45}{0.045})

                  = 6.35 + (+1)

                 = 7.35

This means that pH on Basic side makes it no more acidic buffer.

You might be interested in
A 0.4647-g sample of a compound known to contain only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen was burned in oxygen to yield 0.01962 mol of
Scilla [17]

Answer:

The essence including its given problem is outlined in the following segment on the context..

Explanation:

The given values are:

Moles of CO₂,

x = 0.01962

Moles of water,

\frac{y}{2} =0.01961

y=2\times 0.01961

  =0.03922

Compound's mass,

= 0.4647 g

Let the compound's formula will be:

C_{x}H_{y}O_{z}

Combustion's general equation will be:

⇒  C_{x}H_{y}O_{z}+x+(\frac{y}{4}-\frac{z}{2}) O_{2}=xCO_{2}+\frac{y}{2H_{2}O}

On putting the estimated values, we get

⇒  12\times x=1\times y+16\times z=0.4647

⇒  12\times 0.01962+1\times 0.03922+16\times z=0.4647

⇒  0.27466+16z=0.4647

⇒                     z=0.01187

Now,

x : y : z = 0.01962:0.03922:0.01187

           = \frac{0.01962}{0.0118}:\frac{0.03922}{0.0188}:\frac{0.0188}{0.0188}

           = 1.6:3.3:1.0

           = 3:6:2

So that the empirical formula seems to be "C₃H₆O₂".

8 0
3 years ago
Acid-catalyzed dehydration of an alcohol is an equilibrium situation. How was the reaction forced to completion in Acid-Catalyze
egoroff_w [7]

Answer:

In the acid-catalyzed dehydration of 2-methyl-2-butanol, the reaction can be driven to completion using Le Chatelier's principle. The reaction is driven to completion because the released water molecules form a strong bond with the acid used as a catalyst. As a result, the alkene produced can be distilled from the mixture.

Explanation:

In the acid-catalyzed dehydration of 2-methyl-2-butanol, the reaction can be driven to completion using Le Chatelier's principle. The reaction is driven to completion because the released water molecules form a strong bond with the acid used as a catalyst. As a result, the alkene produced can be distilled from the mixture.

3 0
2 years ago
The negatively charged particles of an atom are the
posledela

Answer:

Electron: A negatively charged particle found circling or orbiting an atomic nucleus. An electron, like a proton is a charged particle, although opposite in sign, but unlike a proton, an electron has negligible atomic mass. Electrons contribute no atomic mass units to the total atomic weight of an atom.

Explanation:

3 0
3 years ago
How does the smell of food being cooked spread so fast ???
sladkih [1.3K]

Answer:

When we cook food in the kitchen, that's the region of higher concentration of the smell. By diffusion, the smell spreads to the whole room and thereby whole house, so anyone standing at a distance, can smell it.

5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which of these statements is not true?question 20 options:atoms of isotopes of an element have different numbers of protons.atom
Greeley [361]
The first one is the answer
isotopes of an atom have different number of neutrons . the number of protons are not different in isotopes of an atom
4 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Other questions:
  • How many grams of Fe2O3 will be produced from<br> 24.0 g of Fe and 5.00 g of O2?
    5·1 answer
  • Combustion analysis of toluene, a common organic solvent, gives 6.45 mg of CO2 and 1.51 mg of H2O. If the compound contains only
    8·1 answer
  • Why is water a good solvent
    10·2 answers
  • I need to know the answer ASAP PLEASE
    6·1 answer
  • How do most diamonds get their color?
    15·1 answer
  • How many grams are in 0.535 moles of sodium bromide? (Please add work)
    13·1 answer
  • Which of the following BEST explains why fossil fuel supplies are limited?'
    10·1 answer
  • How much Cu-64 (half-life about 12 hours) would remain from a 2 mg sample after 12 hours?​
    12·2 answers
  • Which salt preparation uses a burette and a pipette
    15·1 answer
  • MASTERING CONCEPTS<br> 31. List three examples of substances. Explain why each<br> is a substance.
    11·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!