Perhaps one of the most useful yet taken-for-granted accomplishments of the recent centuries is the development of electric circuits. The flow of charge through wires allows us to cook our food, light our homes, air-condition our work and living space, entertain us with movies and music and even allows us to drive to work or school safely. In this unit of The Physics Classroom, we will explore the reasons for why charge flows through wires of electric circuits and the variables that affect the rate at which it flows. The means by which moving charge delivers electrical energy to appliances in order to operate them will be discussed in detail.
One of the fundamental principles that must be understood in order to grasp electric circuits pertains to the concept of how an electric field can influence charge within a circuit as it moves from one location to another. The concept of electric field was first introduced in the unit on Static Electricity. In that unit, electric force was described as a non-contact force. A charged balloon can have an attractive effect upon an oppositely charged balloon even when they are not in contact. The electric force acts over the distance separating the two objects. Electric force is an action-at-a-distance force.
Action-at-a-distance forces are sometimes referred to as field forces. The concept of a field force is utilized by scientists to explain this rather unusual force phenomenon that occurs in the absence of physical contact. The space surrounding a charged object is affected by the presence of the charge; an electric field is established in that space. A charged object creates an electric field - an alteration of the space or field in the region that surrounds it. Other charges in that field would feel the unusual alteration of the space. Whether a charged object enters that space or not, the electric field exists. Space is altered by the presence of a charged object; other objects in that space experience the strange and mysterious qualities of the space. As another charged object enters the space and moves deeper and deeper into the
The acceleration of the boat is
(eastward)
Explanation:
We can solve this problem by using Newton's second law, which states that:
F = ma (1)
where
F is the net force on a body
m is its mass
a is its acceleration
First of all, we have to find the net force acting on the boat. We have:
- The force of the motor, 100 N eastward
- The force of the air resistance, 60 N westward
So the net force is:
F = 100 N - 60 N = 40 N (eastward)
Now we can apply eq.(1), using:
F = 40 N
m = 20 kg (mass of the boat)
and solving for a, we find the acceleration:

And the direction is the same as the net force (eastward).
Learn more about acceleration and Newton laws of motion:
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Answer:
4.36 seconds
Explanation:
According to the question;
- Force is 550 N
- Mass of the car is 1200 kg
- Velocity of the car is 2.0 m/s
We are needed to find the time the car must the tow track pull the car.
- From Newton's second law of motion;
- Impulsive force, F = Mv÷t , where m is the mass, v is the velocity and t is the time.
Rearranging the formula;
t = mv ÷ F
Thus;
Time = (1200 kg × 2.0 m/s²) ÷ 550 N
= 4.36 seconds
Thus, the time needed to pull the car is 4.36 seconds
Answer:
Some planets have seasons some don't bc of the distance from the sun some of them are too cold or too hot to have seasons