Substitution Reactions are those reactions in which one nucleophile replaces another nucleophile present on a substrate. These reactions can take place via two different mechanism i.e SN¹ or SN². In SN¹ substitution reactions the leaving group leaves first forming a carbocation and nucleophile attacks carbocation in the second step. While in SN² reactions the addition of Nucleophile and leaving of leaving group take place simultaneously.
Example:
OH⁻ + CH₃-Br → CH₃-OH + Br⁻
In above reaction,
OH⁻ = Incoming Nucleophile
CH₃-Br = Substrate
CH₃-OH = Product
Br⁻ = Leaving group
Organic reactions are typically slower than ionic reactions because in organic compounds the covalent bonds are first broken, this breaking of bonds is a slower step, while, in ionic compounds no bond breakage is required as it consists of ions, so only bond formation takes place which is a quicker and fast step.
Sir Joseph John Thomson OM PRS (18 December 1856 – 30 August 1940) was a British physicist and Nobel Laureate in Physics, credited with the discovery of the electron, the first subatomic particle to be discovered.
Answer:
What was the experimental measurement of the gas?
Explanation:
I think the correct answer would be the third option. An example of a pure research would be creating synthetic elements to study their properties. Pure research is also known as fundamental or basic research. It has an exploratory nature wherein it is done without any end use in mind. It is mostly out of the curiosity or intuition of a researcher. Most of the study under this type is aiming to advance an existing knowledge by explaining or identifying the relationship of the variables being studied. It is aimed at improving theories in order to the understanding of a specific phenomenon.
