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andreev551 [17]
3 years ago
13

A modern compact fluorescent lamp contains 1.4 mg of mercury (Hg). If each mercury atom in the lamp were to emit a single photon

of wavelength 508 nm, how many joules of energy would be emitted?
A. 1.64 J
B. 3.3 J
C. 6.6 x 10^2 J
D. 3.3x10^3 J
E. 4.2 x 10^18 J
Physics
1 answer:
Reika [66]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

A. 1.64 J

Explanation:

First of all, we need to find how many moles correspond to 1.4 mg of mercury. We have:

n=\frac{m}{M_m}

where

n is the number of moles

m = 1.4 mg = 0.0014 g is the mass of mercury

Mm = 200.6 g/mol is the molar mass of mercury

Substituting, we find

n=\frac{0.0014 g}{200.6 g/mol}=7.0\cdot 10^{-6} mol

Now we have to find the number of atoms contained in this sample of mercury, which is given by:

N=n N_A

where

n is the number of moles

N_A=6.022\cdot 10^{23} mol^{-1} is the Avogadro number

Substituting,

N=(7.0\cdot 10^{-6} mol)(6.022\cdot 10^{23} mol^{-1})=4.22\cdot 10^{18} atoms

The energy emitted by each atom (the energy of one photon) is

E_1 = \frac{hc}{\lambda}

where

h is the Planck constant

c is the speed of light

\lambda=508 nm=5.08\cdot 10^{-7}nm is the wavelength

Substituting,

E_1 = \frac{(6.63\cdot 10^{-34} Js)(3\cdot 10^8 m/s)}{5.08\cdot 10^{-7} m}=3.92\cdot 10^{-19} J

And so, the total energy emitted by the sample is

E=nE_1 = (4.22\cdot 10^{18} )(3.92\cdot 10^{-19}J)=1.64 J

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Engineers are trying to improve a race car. Their goal is to increase the acceleration of the car using the same engine. Which c
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