Use Lewis diagrams to show how electrons are shared to form covalent bonds in compounds wit the following atoms. Write the formu
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a) two hydrogen atoms attached to a carbon atom that also has one oxygen atom attached to it
a) two hydrogen atoms attached to a carbon atom that also has one oxygen atom attached to it
1 answer:
The Lewis structure/diagram for CH2O (aka Formaldehyde) can be written in either of the following ways shown in the picture.
The dots represent electrons in the valence shell of the atom (the outermost shell). The green dots are electrons that belong to the Oxygen atom, the blue belong to the Carbon atom, and the pink belong to the Hydrogen atoms.
Covalent bonds are bonds between atoms where atoms share electrons with each other. Atoms bond because they obey the octet rule ( the rule states that most atoms of main-group elements tend to want 8 electrons in their valence shells).
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons, Carbon has 4, and Hydrogen has 1. H does not follow the octet rule, but C and O do, so the atoms are arranged in this way so that the O and C atoms have a full octet of electrons in their valence.
The dots represent electrons in the valence shell of the atom (the outermost shell). The green dots are electrons that belong to the Oxygen atom, the blue belong to the Carbon atom, and the pink belong to the Hydrogen atoms.
Covalent bonds are bonds between atoms where atoms share electrons with each other. Atoms bond because they obey the octet rule ( the rule states that most atoms of main-group elements tend to want 8 electrons in their valence shells).
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons, Carbon has 4, and Hydrogen has 1. H does not follow the octet rule, but C and O do, so the atoms are arranged in this way so that the O and C atoms have a full octet of electrons in their valence.
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Answer:
Unbalanced
Explanation:
<u>Answer:</u> The mass of cryolite produced is 51.48 kg
<u>Explanation:</u>
To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:
.....(1)
- <u>For aluminium oxide:</u>
Given mass of aluminium oxide = 12.5 kg = 12500 g (Conversion factor: 1 kg = 1000 g)
Molar mass of aluminium oxide = 101.96 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
- <u>For NaOH:</u>
Given mass of NaOH = 55.4 kg = 55400 g
Molar mass of NaOH = 40 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
- <u>For HF:</u>
Given mass of HF = 55.4 kg = 55400 g
Molar mass of HF = 20 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
For the given chemical reaction:
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
1 mole of aluminium oxide reacts with 6 moles of sodium hydroxide and 12 moles of HF.
So, 122.6 moles of aluminium oxide will react with of sodium hydroxide and
of HF
As, given amount of NaOH and HF is more than the required amount. So, they are considered as an excess reagent.
Thus, aluminium oxide is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product.
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
1 mole of aluminium oxide produces 2 moles of cryolite
So, 122.6 moles of aluminium oxide will produce = of cryolite
Now, calculating the mass of cryolite by using equation 1:
Molar mass of cryolite = 209.94 g/mol
Moles of cryolite = 245.2 mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
Converting this into kilograms, we use the conversion factor:
1 kg = 1000 g
So,
Hence, the mass of cryolite produced is 51.48 kg