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Vlada [557]
2 years ago
15

Many chemical names are similar at first glance. Give the formulas of the species in each set: (a) ammonium ion and ammonia; (b)

magnesium sulfide, magnesium sulfite, and magnesium sulfate; (c) hydrochloric acid, chloric acid, and chlorous acid; (d) cuprous bromide and cupric bromide.
Chemistry
2 answers:
ohaa [14]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

a) Ammonium ion: NH₄⁺, ammonia: NH₃.

b)Magnesium sulfide: MgS, magnesium sulfite: MgSO₃, magnesium sulfate: MgSO₄.

c) Chloric acid: HClO₃, chlorous acid HClO₂.

d) Cupric bromide: CuBr₂, cuprous bromide: CuBr.

Explanation:

a) Ammonia is the neutral substance, which as molecular formula NH₃ when it gains a proton, it becomes the ammonium ion NH₄⁺.

b) In the name of salts, first, it comes the cation name, in this case, all the cations are the magnesium (Mg²⁺). The ions of sulfur can be oxidized or not, the termination "ide" indicates the non-oxidized ion (S⁻²), "ite" the less oxidized (SO₃⁻²), and "ate" the more oxidized (SO₄⁻²). To do the molecular formula, the charges are replaced without the signals and put down. If they are equal, the number is not put.

Magnesium sulfide: MgS

Magnesium sulfite: MgSO₃

Magnesium sulfate: MgSO₄

c) The acids can be oxidized or not, when it has no oxygens, the name is given "hydro" + the anion name, as hydrochloric acid (HCl). When there's oxygen in the molecule, the more oxidized is name as "'per" + anion name + "ic", the second more oxidized as anion name + "ic", the second less oxidized as anion name + "us", and the less oxidized as "hypo" + anion name + "us". In this case:

chloric acid: HClO₃

chlorous acid HClO₂

d) The salts of copper are named depends on the oxidation number of the cupper. The one with a higher oxidation number( +2) is called cupric, and the other (+1), cuprous. Thus:

cupric bromide: CuBr₂ (oxidation number = +2)

cuprous bromide: CuBr (oxidation number = +1)

g100num [7]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

The formulae are

a) ammonia : NH₃

ammonium ion: NH₄⁺

b) Magnesium sulfide: Mgs

Magnesium sulfite: MgSO₃

c) Hydrochloric acid: HCl

chloric acid: HClO₃

chlorous acid: HClO₂

d) cuprous bromide: CuBr

cupric bromide: CuBr₂

Explanation:

The formula are

a) ammonia : NH₃ and when ammonia gains a proton it becomes

ammonium ion: NH₄⁺

b) Magnesium sulfide: MgS : the sulfide group is S⁻²

Magnesium sulfite: MgSO₃ : the sulfite group is SO₃⁻²

c) Hydrochloric acid: HCl :

chloric acid: HClO₃ These are oxy acids

chlorous acid: HClO₂

d) cuprous bromide: CuBr : cuprous word is used for copper with one positive charge

cupric bromide: CuBr₂: cupric is used for di-positive copper

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We then need to determine the number of moles of CoBr2•4H2O since this is the only information missing for us to find molarity. Notice that the volume of the solution is already given.

We’re given the mass of CoBr2•4H2O. We can use the molar mass of CoBr2•4H2O4 to find the moles.

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The moles of CoBr2•4H2O is:

= 10.0 g CoBr2•4H2O x  \frac{ 1 mol  CoBr_2 . 4H_2O}{290.79 g CoBr_2 .  4H_2O}

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We know that the volume of the solution is 450 mL.

We can now calculate for molarity:

Convert mL to L → 1 mL = 10-3 L

Formula:

Molarity (M)= Mole of solute / Liters of solution

= 0.0344  mol CoBr2•4H  / 450 mL x 1 ml / 10^ -3 L

= 0.0764

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