Please help solving number 48.

Explain two advantages and disadvantages of using energy created by nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.

alisha [4.7K]

A. NUCLEAR FUSION is the combination of two atomic nuclei in order to create an atom that in turn creates energy.

A.1 DISADVANTAGES

1. Expensive Construction Costs- To be able to put up such powerhouse, it needs ostentatious financial support to create a facility and gather experts and scientists.

2. Energy Input vs Energy Output- To be able to fuse the two nuclei together, there is a great demand for high levels of heat. Thus to be able to produce large amount of energy, it also needs a large amount of thermal energy which is not reasonable enough.

A.2 ADVANTAGES

1. Barely Any Waste- the only by product of nuclear fusion is helium and it is non toxic. This does not cause any harm to the environment and to people.

2. Unlimited Fuel- All of the components needed to produce energy can be made. Deuterium, which is the main ingredient needed to supply a truly unlimited and sustainable energy supply, can be distilled from the sea water.

B. NUCLEAR FISSION- refers to the process of splitting of the nucleus of an atom into several smaller particles to produce free neutrons and lighter elements.

B.1 DISADVANTAGES

1. It can be dangerous for employees- Radiation which is one of the byproducts of nuclear fission can be harmful to the personnel working within its premises.

2. It has high initial expenses- Nuclear power plants needs a specialized equipment for it to become functional.

B.2 ADVANTAGES

1. It helps minimize environmental pollution- Nuclear power plants can produce large amounts of energy while consuming relatively minimal amount of fossil fuel. To explain further, consumption and usage of fossil fuel poses adverse effect in the environment because it can emit carbon dioxide and other harmful chemicals.

2. It helps reduce global warming- If the world would opt for nuclear fission, then there would be less greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere. This in turn would mitigate global warming.

3 0

4 years ago

Describe the relationship between gravitational force and distance as shown in the diagram.

aev [14]

Answer:

as you move away from a planet the gravitational force gets weaker. just think, if you get close towards a sun then the gravitational force will be stronger.

3 0

3 years ago

By what factor would a scuba diver’s lungs expand if she ascended rapidly to the surface from a depth of 125 ft without inhaling

vova2212 [387]

It is found that scuba diver’s can safely ascend up to 52.53 ft without Breathing out.

By what factor would a scuba diver’s lungs expand if she ascended rapidly to the surface from a depth of 125 ft without inhaling or exhaling then

$p_{1}$ =patm+ $pH_{2} O$

$p_{1}$ = 101325+ρ $gh_{1}$

It is given that height is 125ft. Put the value of h in above formula:

h1 =125ft=38.1m

ρ=1.04g/mL=1040kg/ $m^{3}$

g=9.81

$p_{1}$ =101325Pa+388711.44

$p_{1}$ =490036.44‬Pa

$p_{2}$ =p atm =101325Pa

It is known that volume and pressure can be expressed as:

V*P=const.

where, V is volume and P is pressure.

Now,

$V_{1} *p_{1}$ = $V_{2} *p_{2}$

$V_{2} /V_{1}$ = $p_{2} /p_{1}$

$V_{2} /V_{1}$ =490036.44/101325

$V_{2} /V_{1}$ =4.84

Assume constant temperature

d of seawater = 1.04 g/mL; d of Hg = 13.5 g/mL.

now $p_{1}$ =p atm+ $pH_{2} O$ =490036.44Pa

V*p=const

where, V is volume and P is pressure.

Now,

$V_{1} *p_{1}$ = $V_{2} *p_{2}$

$V_{2} /V_{1}$ = $p_{2} /p_{1}$

$V_{2} /V_{1}$ =490036.44/X

$p_{2}$ =490036.44pa/(V2/V1) =326690.96Pa

$p_{2}$ =patm +p $H_{2} O$

$p_{2}$ =101325Pa+ρ $gh_{2}$

326690.96Pa=101325Pa+ρ $gh_{2}$

ρgh1 =151987.5-101325=225365.96‬‬Pa

ρ=1,04g/mL=1040kg/m3

g=9.81

$h_{2}$ =225365.96/‬ρ∗g

$h_{2}$ =225365.96 / ‬1040∗9.81

$h_{2}$ =22.09m= 72.47ft

ΔH= $H_{1} -H_{2}$

=125-72.47

=52.53ft

So she can safely ascend up to 52.53 ft without Breathing out

To know more about Scuba diver here

brainly.com/question/15430942

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6 0

1 year ago

Exactly how much time must elapse before 16 grams of potassium-42decays, leaving 2 grams of the original isotope?(1) 8 × 12.4 ho

AleksandrR [38]

The answer is (3) 3 × 12.4 hours

To calculate this, we will use two equations:
$(1/2) ^{n} =x$
$t_{1/2} = \frac{t}{n}$
where:
n - number of half-lives
x - remained amount of the sample, in decimals
 $t_{1/2}$ - half-life length
t - total time elapsed.

First, we have to calculate x and n. x is remained amount of the sample, so if at the beginning were 16 grams of potassium-42, and now it remained 2 grams, then x is:
2 grams : x % = 16 grams : 100 %
x = 2 grams × 100 percent ÷ 16 grams
x = 12.5% = 0.125

Thus:
 $(1/2) ^{n} =x$
 $(0.5) ^{n} =0.125$
$n*log(0.5)=log(0.125)$
$n= \frac{log(0.5)}{log(0.125)}$
$n=3$

It is known that the half-life of potassium-42 is 12.36 ≈ 12.4 hours.
Thus:
 $t_{1/2} = 12.4$
 $t_{1/2} *n = t$
 $t= 12.4*3$

Therefore, it must elapse 3 × 12.4 hours before 16 grams of potassium-42 decays, leaving 2 grams of the original isotope

7 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

The generic metal a forms an insoluble salt ab(s) and a complex ac5(aq). the equilibrium concentrations in a solution of ac5 wer

Leno4ka [110]

Assuming that the reaction from A and C to AC5 is only one-step (or an elementary reaction) with a balanced chemical reaction of:

A + 5 C ---> AC5

Therefore the formation constant can be easily calculated using the following formula for formation constant:

Kf = product of products concentrations / product of reactants concentration

Kf = [AC5] / [A] [C]^5

---> Any coefficient from the balanced chemical reaction becomes a power in the formula

Substituting the given values into the equation:

Kf = 0.100 M / (0.100 M) (0.0110 M)^5

Kf = 6,209,213,231

or in simpler terms

Kf = 6.21 * 10^9 (ANSWER)

3 0

3 years ago