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3241004551 [841]
3 years ago
14

In which of the following types of solution is the rate of dissociation equal to the rate of crystallization? Concentrated Super

saturated Unsaturated Saturated
Chemistry
1 answer:
Butoxors [25]3 years ago
5 0

In a <u>Saturated </u>solution, the rate of dissociation equal to the rate of crystallization

Explanation:

A saturated solution is one than cannot dissolve any more solute because the solutes inter-molecular spaces are filled with the solute molecules at that temperature. When an attempt is made to dissolve more solute into the solution, the rate at which the solute is dissolved into the solution is equal to the rate at which excess solute is precipitated and crystallized.

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When 21.45 g of KNO3 was dissolved in water in a calorimeter, the temperature fell from 25.00°C to 14.14 °C. If the heat capacit
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25.9 kJ/mol. (3 sig. fig. as in the heat capacity.)

<h3>Explanation</h3>

The process:

\text{KNO}_3\;(s) \to \text{KNO}_3\;(aq).

How many moles of this process?

Relative atomic mass from a modern periodic table:

  • K: 39.098;
  • N: 14.007;
  • O: 15.999.

Molar mass of \text{KNO}_3:

M(\text{KNO}_3) = 39.098 + 14.007 + 3\times 15.999 = 101.102\;\text{g}\cdot\text{mol}^{-1}.

Number of moles of the process = Number of moles of \text{KNO}_3 dissolved:

\displaystyle n = \frac{m}{M} = \frac{21.45}{101.102} = 0.212162\;\text{mol}.

What's the enthalpy change of this process?

Q = C\cdot \Delta T = 0.505 \times (25.00 - 14.14) = 5.4843\;\text{kJ} for 0.212162\;\text{mol}. By convention, the enthalpy change \Delta H measures the energy change for each mole of a process.

\displaystyle \Delta H = \frac{Q}{n} = \frac{5.4843\text{kJ}}{0.212162\;\text{mol}} = 25.8\;\text{kJ}\cdot\text{mol}^{-1}.

The heat capacity is the least accurate number in these calculation. It comes with three significant figures. As a result, round the final result to three significant figures. However, make sure you keep at least one additional figure to minimize the risk of rounding errors during the calculation.

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