It's a negative value because the negative sign on the spring's force means the force exerted opposes the spring's displacement
From my understanding, the two are opposite. Let me give you each word and what it scientifically means to me.
repetition
occurs when an activity is repeated by the same person
replication
occurs when an activity is repeated by a different person
I hope this completely answers your question! If you need further explanation, please let me know!
~Brooke❤️
1.Velocity (v) is a vector quantity that measures displacement (or change in position, Δs) over the change in time (Δt), represented by the equation v = Δs/Δt. Speed (or rate, r) is a scalar quantity that measures the distance traveled (d) over the change in time (Δt), represented by the equation r = d/Δt.
If Earth’s distance from the sun increased by 4 times then the speed of Earth’s orbit around the sun would decrease by a factor of 2.
Answer: Option 3
<u>Explanation:</u>
From Newton’s second law of motion, it is known that any kind of external force acting on an object will be equal to object’s mass and acceleration exerted on the object. So in this case, the gravitational force between Earth and Sun will be equal to the mass (M) and acceleration exerted on Earth.

It is known that,

Thus, substituting this, we get,

Also, we know,

Then, comparing both the equation, we get the orbital velocity as,

So, here G is gravitational constant, M is the mass of Sun and r is the distance of separation of Earth from Sun.
If the distance of Earth from Sun increases by 4 times so r’ will be 4r. Thus the new orbital velocity v’ will be

So,

Thus, the orbital speed will be decreased by a factor of 2 when the distance of Earth from the Sun increased by 4 times.