Explain why the enthalpies of vaporization of the following substances increase in the order CH4 < NH3 < H2O, even though
1 answer:
Explanation:
More is the intermolecular forces present between the molecules of a substance more will be the boiling point of the substance.
Since, water is able to form hydrogen bonding and it also have dipole-dipole interaction as these are stronger than the forces present in ammonia. Hence, boiling point of water is greater than the boiling point of .
In , there are only dispersion forces present in it and these forces are weakest intermolecular forces.
As a result, the enthalpies of vaporization of the following substances increase in the order .
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Explanation:
When water is frozen then it is known as ice and its state is solid. So, its molecules will be held closer to each other as they are held by strong intermolecular forces of attraction.
As a result, its temperature will be minimum as its molecules have least kinetic energy.
It is known that kinetic energy of a substance is directly proportional to temperature.
As, K.E =
where K.E = kinetic energy
T = temperature
k = boltzmann constant
When solid changes into liquid state then it means molecules of a substance has gained kinetic energy due to which there occurs more collisions between the molecules.
Hence, temperature of substance also increases.
Whereas when liquid state of a substance changes intro vapor state then it means that more kinetic energy has gained by the molecules due to which there will be much more collisions between the molecules.
Hence, temperature will be maximum in vapor state.