1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Salsk061 [2.6K]
3 years ago
14

Use the information below to explain why the atomic radius decreases across a period.

Chemistry
1 answer:
pishuonlain [190]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Detail is given below.

Explanation:

Atomic radius  trend along period:

As we move from left to right across the periodic table the number of valance electrons increases. The atomic size tend to decrease in same period of periodic table because the electrons are added with in the same shell. When the electron are added, at the same time protons are also added in the nucleus. The positive charge is going to increase and this charge is greater in effect than the charge of electrons. This effect lead to the greater nuclear attraction. The electrons are pull towards the nucleus and valance shell get closer to the nucleus. As a result of this greater nuclear attraction atomic radius decreases and ionization energy increases because it is very difficult to remove the electron from atom and more energy is required.

we can see in picture A there is one positive charge and force of attraction is 2.30×10⁻⁸ N

In picture D there are 2 positive charge and force of attraction is 4.60×10⁻⁸ N

So by increasing the positive charge force of attraction also increases.

In F we can see there is more positive charge thus force of attraction is also greater.

You might be interested in
Which models of the atom in task 1 are not supported by the results of the hydrogen gas experiment? For each of these models, ex
kramer

Answer:

Thomson  placed two magnets on either side of the tube, and observed that this magnetic field also deflected the cathode ray. The results of these experiments helped Thomson determine the mass-to-charge ratio of the cathode ray particles, which led to a fascinating discovery, minus the mass of each particle was much, much smaller than that of any known atom. Thomson repeated his experiments using different metals as electrode materials, and found that the properties of the cathode ray remained constant no matter what cathode material they originated from. From this evidence, Thomson made the following conclusions:

The cathode ray is composed of negatively-charged particles.

The particles must exist as part of the atom, since the mass of each particle is only ~1/2000 the mass of a hydrogen atom.

These subatomic particles can be found within atoms of all elements.

While controversial at first, Thomson's discoveries were gradually accepted by scientists. Eventually, his cathode ray particles were given a more familiar name: electrons. The discovery of the electron disproved the part of Dalton's atomic theory that assumed atoms were indivisible. In order to account for the existence of the electrons, an entirely new atomic model was needed.

Explanation:

8 0
2 years ago
An excited ozone molecule, O3*, in the atmosphere can undergo one of the following reactions,O3* → O3 (1) fluorescenceO3* → O +
Maurinko [17]

Answer:

The simplified expression for the fraction  is  \text {X} =    \dfrac{  {k_3  \times cM} }{k_1 +k_2 + k_3 }

Explanation:

From the given information:

O3* → O3                   (1)    fluorescence

O + O2                      (2)    decomposition

O3* + M → O3 + M    (3)     deactivation

The rate of fluorescence = rate of constant (k₁) × Concentration of reactant (cO)

The rate of decomposition is = k₂ × cO

The rate of deactivation = k₃ × cO × cM

where cM is the concentration of the inert molecule

The fraction (X) of ozone molecules undergoing deactivation in terms of the rate constants can be expressed by using the formula:

\text {X} =    \dfrac{ \text {rate of deactivation} }{ \text {(rate of fluorescence) +(rate of decomposition) + (rate of deactivation) }  } }

\text {X} =    \dfrac{  {k_3 \times cO \times cM} }{  {(k_1 \times cO) +(k_2 \times cO) + (k_3 \times cO \times cM) }  }

\text {X} =    \dfrac{  {k_3 \times cO \times cM} }{cO (k_1 +k_2 + k_3  \times cM) }

\text {X} =    \dfrac{  {k_3  \times cM} }{k_1 +k_2 + k_3  }    since  cM is the concentration of the inert molecule

7 0
3 years ago
A 225 g sample of an unknown solid is heated 67C and placed into a calorimeter containing 25.6 g of water at 15.6°c. If the fina
Stella [2.4K]

Answer:

= 1.271 J/g°C

Explanation:

Heat released by the metal sample will be equivalent to the heat absorbed by  water.

But heat = mass × specific heat capacity × temperature change

Thus;

Heat released by the solid;

= 225 g × c ×(67 -53) , where c is the specific heat capacity of the metal

= 3150 c joules

Heat absorbed by water;

= 25.6 g × 4.18 J/g°C × (53-15.6)

= 4002.0992  joules

Therefore;

3150 c joules = 4002.0992 joules

c =4002.0992/3150

 <u> = 1.271 J/g°C</u>

6 0
3 years ago
. What mass of ammonium chloride must be added to 250. mL of water to give a solution with pH
Eduardwww [97]

The mass of ammonium chloride that must be added is : ( A ) 4.7 g

<u>Given data :</u>

Volume of water ( V )  = 250 mL = 0.25 L

pH of solution = 4.85

Kb = 1.8 * 10⁻⁵

Kw = 10⁻¹⁴

Given that the dissolution of NH₄Cl gives NH₄⁺⁺ and Cl⁻ ions the equation is written as :

NH₄CI  +  H₂O  ⇄  NH₃ + H₃O⁺

where conc of H₃O⁺

[ H₃O⁺ ] = \sqrt{Ka.C}   and Ka = Kw / Kb

∴ Ka = 5.56 * 10⁻¹⁰

Next step : Determine the concentration of H₃O⁺  in the solution

pH = - log [ H₃O⁺ ] = 4.85

∴ [ H₃O⁺ ] in the solution = 1.14125 * 10⁻⁵

Next step : Determine the concentration of NH₄CI in the solution

C = [ H₃O⁺ ]² / Ka

  = ( 1.14125 * 10⁻⁵ )² /  5.56 * 10⁻¹⁰

  = 0.359 mol / L

Determine the number of moles of NH₄CI in the solution

n = C . V

  = 0.359 mol / L  * 0.25 L =  0.08979 mole

Final step : determine the mass of ammonium chloride that must be added to 250 mL

mass = n * molar mass

         = 0.08979 * 53.5 g/mol

         = 4.80 g  ≈ 4.7 grams

Therefore we can conclude that the mass of ammonium chloride that must be added is 4.7 g

Learn more about ammonium chloride : brainly.com/question/13050932

8 0
2 years ago
PLEASE HELP!!
Mandarinka [93]

Answer:

a. 211.7

Explanation:

Iron Pyrite reacts with Oxygen to produce Iron (II) Oxide and Sulphur (IV) Oxide.

The equation is as follows:

4FeS₂₍s₎ + 11O₂₍g₎ → 2Fe₂O₃₍s₎ + 8SO₂₍g₎

From the equation, 4 moles of FeS₂ produce 8 moles of SO₂.

Therefore the reaction ratio is 4:8 or 1:2

198.20 grams of FeS₂ into moles is calculated as follows:

Moles= Mass/RMM

RMM of FeS₂ is 119.9750g/mol.

Number of moles = 198.20/119.9750g/mol

=1.652 moles of FeS₂

The reaction ratio of FeS₂ to SO₂ produced is 1:2

Thus SO₂ produced = 1.652 moles×2/1=3.304 moles

The mass of SO₂ produced =Moles ×RMM

=3.304 moles ×64.0638 g/mol

=211.667 grams

=211.7g

8 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • gypsum is hydrated calcium sulfate. a 4.89 g sample of this hydrate was heated, and after the water was driven off, 3.87 g anhyd
    9·1 answer
  • Do metals donate or accept electrons? what do they become after they donate/accept electrons?
    9·1 answer
  • in what ways does solar energy help or harm the enviornment? give a couple of examples. if it hurts the evironment, explain how
    10·1 answer
  • How many hydrogen ions are in 1 liter of stomach acid? (Hint: Avogadro’s number). Show your work and remember to put your answer
    6·1 answer
  • A pharmacist has a 12% solution of boric acid and a 20% solution of boric acid. How much of each must he use to make 80 grams of
    8·1 answer
  • Which is the best example of how electromagnetic energy is used in everyday life
    10·2 answers
  • Which of the following would be the best empirical evidence of the cycling of water in a terrarium?
    10·2 answers
  • What type of relationship exists between birds and trees
    5·1 answer
  • How many molecules are contained in 5.7 gms of CaCO3​
    9·1 answer
  • What are your thoughts on Galileo's idea about motion? i need the answer pls​
    6·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!